<blockquote class="wp-block-quote">“We are committed to a modern Botswana that is not only open to but is also able to compete with the rest of the world” – H.E. Dr Mokgweetsi Eric Keabetswe Masisi, President of the Republic of Botswana</blockquote>



In less than four decades after its independence, Botswana has quickly climbed the ranks from a poor country to an upper middle-income country, proving to be a development success. Setting out a compelling vision for the nation, the government has now introduced Vision 2036, placing strategies to take Botswana even further from an upper middle-income country to a high-income country. “Our National Vision 2036 is anchored on four pillars of sustainability–economic development, human and social development, sustainable environment and governance, and peace and security,” says His Excellency Dr. Mokgweetsi Eric Keabetswe Masisi, President of Botswana. “If you look at the Standards and Poor rating, I think the short-term rating is A2 and the long-term investment is triple B plus. Botswana has been growing for about 5% per annum over the last 30 years and the employment market has grown by about 10% over the last 30 years,” says Reinette Van der Merwe, CEO of First Capital Bank.



Botswana’s rich mineral resources are often credited for its strong economic performance, with 80% of export earnings coming from diamond mining. “Botswana is significantly endowed with mineral wealth, whether you&#8217;re talking about base metals like nickel or copper, precious metals, coal, not just thermal coal, but also metallurgical coal, which is used in steel making,” notes Matome Tsholetsa Malema, CEO of Minerals Development Company Botswana. The nation has been working on a project that aims at establishing a mineral exploration fund to drive more benefits from mining.



Botswana has made use of its wealth to build a robust social welfare system in the country, providing free education to its citizens and availing reliable health care. The mere existence of diamonds, however, is not the secret to Botswana’s miraculous growth. Oduetse Motshidisi, CEO of Non-Bank Financial Institutions Regulatory Authority says the role of Botswana’s institutions made the definitive difference in the country’s success. “Our institutional strength and legitimacy assures that there is proper governance, rule of law and most importantly, stops corruption and other activities that are harmful. The institutional structure and the resilience of those institutions and their ability to withstand challenges and threats makes a great difference,” he says.



Apart from mining, Botswana also relies on tourism and agriculture. Combining a land of rugged and untamed beauty, pristine landscapes, spectacular wildlife and river deltas, the country is truly a place of enchantment. “We have a strong heritage and culture, not just heritage sites to visit. We have a culture that is inclusive and convenient for investors and tourism. We have a history of prudent management of our natural resources,” says Hon. Philda Kereng, Minister of the Ministry of Environment, Natural Resources Conservation and Tourism. In terms of the agriculture sector, the government has introduced different programs that are geared at supporting people cultivate their land and promote food security. “Early this year, we imposed a two-year import ban on horticultural products. Now tomatoes, ginger, garlic, potatoes are locally produced and it is encouraging how people have responded to the ban,” states Fidelis Molao, Minister of Minister of Agriculture, Development and Food Security. “The agricultural sector currently contributes 2% to the GDP. The sector is undergoing transformation and there are a lot of opportunities. We are targeting communities who seem to be low on the economic ladder because agriculture is a major employer for these groups of people,” mentions Professor Julius R. Atlhopheng, CEO of National Agricultural Research and Development Institute.



Botswana has a business landscape that is remarkably friendly. The government has been providing incentives for investors with a focus on the export sector. “We allow investors a 99-years land lease. We also allow investors to continuously train their teams with a training rebate of 200%. Any raw materials or machineries we need to start businesses are imported duty free,” notes Lonely Mogara, CEO of Special Economic Zones Authority.



“We&#8217;ve run prudent macroeconomic policies over the years such that we can run deficits that are sustainable in the medium to long term. We have been able to build a buffer of foreign exchange reserves,” says Andrew Maatla Motsom, Managing Director of Debswana Diamond Company, explaining that the government is committed to building a knowledge economy, providing opportunities for investment in digitalization.



Digitalization expanded significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic with the government functioning online, and the education sector delivering much of the curricula and teaching through digital technologies.



“We are working very hard to bring down the cost of data in this country. We are now second after Morocco in terms of reaching the target for 2% of gross national income,” says Hon. Thulagano M. Segokgo, Minister of Minister of Communications, Knowledge and Technology. This successful practice in digitalization has expanded to the investment sector. “We have set up an online business registration system, which is linked to people’s IDs. We have also ratified the Trade and Industrial Development Act, which established the One Stop Service Centre for all investment authorisations. We’re granting permanent residence to investors who have value. We have decentralised the visa issuance to our embassies across the world, so they can do it instead of us,” states Hon. Mmusi Kgafela, Minister of Investment, Trade and Industry.



Botswana holds access to international markets through the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), the EU and SADC economic partnership agreements and the African Continental Free Trade Area Agreement. This is one of the many appealing elements of Botswana as a business destination for foreign investors. “As a foreign company, we have easy access to our funds with no restrictions, and the government is the least corrupt government in Africa. The government facilitates everything and things get done in the right manner. We pay our investors dividends with no issues,” says Naseem Lahri, Managing Director of Lucara Diamond. “We have a very good system and structure in place. Everything works in this country. The laws and the systems are much more business friendly in the region,” adds Ramachandran Ottapathu, CEO of Choppies.



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Gaborone, South East, Botswana 27 April 2017 aerial panorama of  Main Mall

Botswana: A Hidden Gem Of Africa

Do African Infrastructure Developers Hold The Key To Solving The Continent’s Infrastructure Paradox?



Insights from those with experience suggest that technology might make projects more successful.&nbsp;David Pilling, writing in the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.ft.com/content/58536842-4856-4476-bdb1-58bb2d629486" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Financial Times</a>&nbsp;last month, notes that investment into African infrastructure projects was steadily rising prior to COVID-19.&nbsp;



According to research published by the Infrastructure Consortium for Africa, average annual funding between 2013 and 2017 stood at&nbsp;US$77 billion – double the annual average between 2000-06. Yet these impressive figures still fall short of closing a funding gap of some&nbsp;US$70 billion, which many countries may find difficult to fill given surging debt levels and COVID-pressed public finances. But could an uptick in investor appetite provide the answer? As the African Infrastructure Investment Managers (AIIM) note, the misperception of risks can create attractive returns for the more discerning investor.&nbsp;&nbsp;



Should investors be willing to deploy capital in search of higher yields, Africa may present a more compelling investment case than many “safer” markets back home. A report by McKinsey &amp; Company from 2020 referred to an African “infrastructure paradox”, where although funding&nbsp;a large pipeline and a need for spending exist in equal measure,&nbsp;not enough money is being spent to close the gap. The consultancy says that most infrastructure projects fail to reach financial close, with fewer than 10% of projects achieving this milestone and 80% failing at the feasibility and business-plan stage. It concludes that although there is significant scope for governments to collaborate with local development-finance institutions and international financial institutions, there remain significant challenges for the long-term economic potential of the continent.&nbsp;&nbsp;



But there are many who appear to take a different view.&nbsp;<a href="https://qz.com/africa/2018764/africas-telecom-sector-is-seeing-a-boom-in-investment/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">US-owned Africell</a>, the telecommunications company which has 12 million mobile subscribers across Africa, has just secured a&nbsp;US$105 million loan facility from a group of financiers to build a new mobile network in Angola. The investment is likely to catalyse Angola’s fintech sector. Similarly, the G7 and American administration announced a new global infrastructure initiative&nbsp;this month,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/new-atlanticist/a-hidden-key-to-the-g7s-infrastructure-ambitions-blue-dot-network/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Blue Dot Network</a>, which aims to encourage development by certifying public-private investments into global infrastructure.&nbsp;It is hoped that the initiative will incentivise emerging countries to enact regulatory reforms to attract global private capital.&nbsp;



Another supporter is Mirco Martins, an Angolan entrepreneur and founder of Mavah SGPS, who is also involved in a number of privately held companies and entrepreneurial ventures&nbsp;across the continent. Martins believes that the right interventions could unlock up to&nbsp;US$550 billion to be invested in African infrastructure. Martins, who started his career as an engineer at BP, has worked across the continent for several decades. His projects today focus mainly on infrastructure,&nbsp;agro-processing, energy&nbsp;and health. He argues that rapid infrastructure development will drive and sustain economic transformation in Africa, leading to lower transport and communication costs, enabling countries with suitable&nbsp;agro-ecological conditions to produce high-value products. This will be achieved in tandem with closing the internet connectivity and access gap with advanced economies, allowing more African countries to enter service export markets.&nbsp;&nbsp;



Martins, who has been working on an infrastructure project in Uganda for the last four years, has first-hand experience of large-scale infrastructure in Africa. As a result, he cautions against the conventional wisdom that feasibility studies for projects in Africa would&nbsp;be cumbersome to complete. “I’ve been working on an infrastructure project in Uganda for the past three and a half,&nbsp;almost four years, and it’s unbelievable what you can do. We managed to do all the feasibility studies over 92&nbsp;kilometres&nbsp;of road by using or deploying drones. A study that could take you six months you reduce to three&nbsp;months, just by using technology. This means you’re reducing costs in communication, in transport, etc.”&nbsp;&nbsp;



Given that McKinsey highlights weak feasibility studies and business plans as root causes of the African infrastructure paradox, Martins’ insights might just persuade sceptical investors to change their minds. As one African finance ministry notes in the McKinsey report, “private sector players generally do not invest sufficient time and effort in developing a strong feasibility study” and that capacity inadequacies and limited dedicated funding often stop the projects at this crucial phase. If technological innovations were rolled out more broadly, could many of the 80% of projects that fall at the feasibility stage flourish further down the line? With institutions such as Qatar’s investment fund recently announcing a US$2 billion infrastructure pot for sub-Saharan Africa, there are many who appear to believe that the opportunities outweigh the risks when it comes to African infrastructure. Investor confidence certainly holds the key to closing Africa’s funding gap, but it is the success stories from the continent itself that will be integral to generating that confidence in the first place.

African Infrastructure 2

Driving Economic Transformation In Africa Through Infrastructure Development

<blockquote class="wp-block-quote">“Gabon has the potential to pilot real innovation and redefine how governments and the private sector collaborate to create sustainable growth. We want to create the long-term potential for our people to innovate, to allow them to compete, not just with each other or with their neighbours on the African continent, but globally. I firmly believe that these ideas are the bedrock of a development model for the third millennium, a model that the entire world recognises as necessary.” His Excellency President Ali Bongo Ondimba</blockquote>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="alignleft size-large is-resized"><a href="https://www.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/FA-2020-GABON-Online.pdf"><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Gabon-2.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-42796" width="225" height="225" srcset="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Gabon-2.jpg 591w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Gabon-2-300x300.jpg 300w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Gabon-2-100x100.jpg 100w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Gabon-2-150x150.jpg 150w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Gabon-2-80x80.jpg 80w" sizes="(max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px" /></a><figcaption>DOWNLOAD THE REPORT HERE </figcaption></figure></div>



Gabon is one of
the top ten oil producers in sub-Saharan Africa. With current production rates
hovering around 200,000 bpd, the hydrocarbon sector has been a pillar of the
country’s economy for over five decades, and remains an unparalleled driver of
growth. However, since 2009, Gabon has been diligently focused upon
modernising, transforming and diversifying its economy through its implementation
of its Strategic Plan for an Emerging Gabon (PSGE), which, powered by
significant public and private investments, has seen strategic infrastructure
put into place. Recently, a US$350 million debt finance from the Emerging
Africa Infrastructure Fund (EAIF) was secured to develop new deep-sea
facilities at the Owendo port in the outskirts of Libreville. This will boost
the terminal’s general cargo capacity, doubling the port’s current capacity. Furthermore,
works are underway for the construction of a new international airport in
Libreville, with completion scheduled for 2022 and aims at serving as a major
regional hub, connecting Gabon and surrounding countries with the whole
continent, as well as UAE, China, India and the Americas. 



The PSGE relies
upon three major pillars to enhance diversification: Industrial Gabon, Green
Gabon, and Services Gabon.“We have embarked on a significant effort to
modernise and diversify the economy through the PSGE,” states Prime Minister
Julien NkogheBekale. “We intend to put Gabon on a sustainable path with the
establishment of these foundations for sustainable development.”



Industrial Gabon



Industrial
Gabon strives to diversify through local processing of the country’s resources
such as wood, mining and agriculture. Gabon has also established an open
investment climate for investors through the Special Economic Zones (SEZ) that
have been established in the country, such as the one in Nkok. The zone’s main
function is to develop various industries, most notably the wood processing
industry, to promote investment. SEZs offer a unique fiscal status providing a
stable and competitive economic climate for foreign investors and prospective
companies.“We have a one-stop shop here,” says Gabriel Ntougou, CEO of ANPI. “It
is the right time, the grounds are there. Gabon is a land of opportunity.” The
expansive acreage, modern port and tax breaks are attractive to foreign investors
and create favourable circumstances across all sectors. 



In terms of
mining, Gabon is seeing impressive growth as well. As the country focuses on
the plentiful resources of manganese and other minerals, there are
opportunities for mining support companies to provide heavy equipment to aid in
mining processes. Firms have also obtained exploration licenses for iron ore,
copper, gold and even diamonds. Gabon has also invested in the construction of
a hydroelectric barrier designed for supplying energy in two transformation
factories of manganese which generate 10% of the annual production. Moreover,
Gabon has reinforced the governance of its mining sectors, namely by the
revision of the Mining Code in order to change the business sector to attract
more investors. 



The forestry
industry especially is seeing huge industrial growth. Minister of Forests, Oceans, Environment and Climate
Change, Hon. Prof. Lee
White, says, “The fact that we banned the export of raw wood means that all
timber has to be transformed. We shifted from an exporting industry to a
transformation industry.” As a result, new opportunities are born for timber
processing companies. 



Green Gabon



With forests
covering &nbsp;87% of Gabon’s area, placing
conservation efforts is also at the forefront of the PSGE’s goals. The country
is attempting to increase the revenue of the forestry sector while keeping
practices environmentally sustainable and avoiding species destruction. The
sector creates 17,000 jobs and more than 60% of output&#8211;excluding oil. Hon. Prof.
Lee White says, “The vision is to increase the contribution of the forestry
sector to the Gabonese economy, yet preserving the forests. We have made a
commitment with the Paris agreement to reduce our CO2 emissions, and forests
play a critical role as an absorber of CO2. To achieve that ambition, we have
to give value to the forests.”



Services Gabon



Gabon is
building on the digital revolution as it becomes a high value-added services
centre. In the realm of the digital financial economy, Gabon utilises
technology to maintain one of the best rankings of financial inclusion in the
region. Nicholas Achiri Asangwe, Managing Director of Ecobank Gabon, explains,
“The widespread use of mobile phones means that Ecobank is empowering the
Gabonese to conduct their banking transactions from their mobiles wherever and
whenever they want. We are making banking accessible, convenient and affordable
to everyone in Gabon.” 



The success of
the PSGE and the diversification of the economy is a time of exciting transformation
and transition for the country. “Few countries match so many favourable assets
to investment,” claims Fabrice Bonatti, Director General of SOBRAGA.“We have a
stable legal and fiscal framework, an efficient banking system, and a growing
population with one of the highest GDP per capita on the continent.” These
advantages, coupled with the PSGE initiatives, provide Gabon with the promise
and the prospect of a prosperous and paradisiacal future.

Gabon

FOCUS ON GABON: The Emerging Eden of Africa

Shores near Djibouti port

FOCUS ON DJIBOUTI: Strengthening Africa’s Passage To Prosperity

In the past, Ethiopia has been called the Cradle of Mankind, but today it seems Ethiopia is a guiding light for change, shining over all of Africa. 



As new Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed has made incredible moves in gender equality and inclusion with his gender balanced cabinet and appointment of the country’s first female President, Mrs Sahle-Work Zewde, there is also movement to transform Ethiopia into a middle-income nation through the Growth and Transformation Plan by 2025. 



<figure class="wp-block-image"> <a href="https://www.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/FA-2019-ETHIOPIA-36pags-FORBES-vok_FORBES_Sept2019lr.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)"><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="591" height="591" src="https://www.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/ethiopia-cover.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-41784" srcset="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/ethiopia-cover.jpg 591w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/ethiopia-cover-300x300.jpg 300w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/ethiopia-cover-100x100.jpg 100w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/ethiopia-cover-150x150.jpg 150w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/ethiopia-cover-80x80.jpg 80w" sizes="(max-width: 591px) 100vw, 591px" /><figcaption> Download the special report here</a> </figcaption></figure>



Needless to say, the people of Ethiopia have a renewed hope in what the future has in store.



In 2017, Ethiopia’s GDP expanded by 10.9% and is expected to grow by 8.5%, positioning Ethiopia as one of the fastest growing countries in the world and as a result, it is primed and ready to transform through Foreign Direct Investment. 



As part of the GTP II, Ethiopia is focused on streamlining investment in all sectors and enhancing the economy through the implementation of industrial parks, which will become key players in the country’s future. Ambassador to the United States, Mr Fitsum Arega says, “Industrial parks are enhancing the telecom, service, manufacturing and agriculture sectors by bringing potential for export growth, technology and skills transfer. 



Even more, they create a sustainable business environment, linking local workers to the processing of their products and greatly increasing the ease of investment.” The parks not only make foreign investment easier, but they ensure that the local markets and farmers continue to thrive. 



Many of the new changes and advancements in the country are facilitated by technology, which can be implemented in all sectors, from agriculture to transport. Hon. Oumer Hussen, Minister of Agriculture states, “Farmers always rely on the market. In industrial parks, there is a demand-driven approach for our farmers. That produces a big economic impact and guides them to using modernised techniques.” 



Technological adaptation in the agriculture sector is especially important as 85% of Ethiopia’s workforce are farmers. Hon. Getahun Mekuria, Minister of Innovation and Technology, states, “In the upcoming two years, at least 2-5% of Ethiopia’s GDP should come from technological value addition. We have planned different strategies: one is value addition to agricultural products such as coffee, as well as e-commerce. Another strategy our Ministry is pursuing is embarking on technological products such as drones. We could employ them to transport cargo, medical and pharmaceutical supplies to rural areas.” 



The technology sector is full of opportunity and Ethiopia has a vibrant young workforce to lead it. 



Alongside technology, the telecom industry also has its sights set on the future. The sector has experienced incredible progress in recent years and now has plans for nationwide 4G mobile service, as it strives toward 5G. 



Frehiwot Tamru, CEO of Ethio Telecom, states, “Telecommunication has a significant social, cultural and economic impact on modern society. It is fundamental for the economic development of any nation. I believe that the telecom market reform is to bring about economic growth of the country.” 



Hon. Getahun Mekuria, Minister of Innovation and Technology, adds, “As a government, we see [the telecom sector] as a very good environment for creating jobs and wealth because it will unleash the power of the service industry. The GDP coming from technology will be huge.”



&nbsp;The transportation sector also plays a prominent role in the Growth and Transformation Plan. Tewolde Gebremariam, CEO of Ethiopian Airlines, says “Our ever-expanding freight transport fleet facilitates the export of goods, which has led Ethiopia to stand next to Kenya in horticulture export.” 



Other transportation entities, such as the Maritime Authority, are working toward impacting exports, as well. Hon. Dagmawit Moges, Minister of Transport, says, “Lower logistics costs would make our exports more competitive on a global market. The cost of imported items, on the other hand, would decrease, enhancing our country’s purchasing capacity.” 



These advancements in infrastructure will enhance the country’s ability to transport product from farms to markets and beyond. Hon. Jantirar Abay Yigzaw, Minister of Urban Development and Housing, says, “With the construction sector booming, we are planning a number of new projects, like the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. 



The first railway line connecting Djibouti to Addis is already operational. The construction sector constitutes a notable portion of Ethiopia’s GDP, and the government is committed to increase funding for infrastructure.”



From every direction, Ethiopia is exceeding expectations, strengthening their economy, and breaking boundaries in its improvement of the country, whether that be through its commitment to social change, gender inclusion, or advancements in technology, agriculture or infrastructure. It seems that the Growth and Transformation Plan of 2025 is not just a plan. Becoming a middle-income nation is a certainty. 



&#8211; Matthew Scott Rose

Penresa

FOCUS ON ETHIOPIA: How The Cradle Of Mankind Is Fearlessly Leading By Example

<blockquote>“If we focus on humanity, accountability and the citizenship of the people over the next 60 years, Ghana should become a truly shining example, not only on the continent of Africa but globally.” &#8211; Former Ghanaian President John Kufuor</blockquote>
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In 2017, 60 years after Ghana claimed independence, President Nana Akufo-Addo and the NPP political party came into power amidst much rejoicing, optimism and hope around the country. The administration immediately displayed its intention to build a budding economy replete with developed infrastructure and programs to fortify the agricultural, financial and energy sector, focusing all the while upon its large population of youth. “The hope for the youth is very significant” Vice President Mahamudu Bawumia states “which is why we’ve initiated a policy of free secondary school education to prioritize our most important resources, the children.”
<a href="https://www.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Penresa-Shining-Bright-Ghana-Full-Report.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">READ THE FULL REPORT</a>
The industrial policy ‘1-District-1-Factory’ is President Akufo-Addo’s flagship and representative of the administration’s vision and ambition for Ghana. It was launched as a project aimed at creating jobs for the youth and eventually reducing the developmental gaps and rural-urban migration. The idea is to build a factory in each of Ghana’s districts establishing as President Akufo-Addo claims “at least one major industrial project, based on the natural endowment of economic potential of each district.” In this way value will be added to Ghana’s very rich and vast raw materials by processing them on the very land where they grow. This will reduce importation and increase food availability as well as allowing the participation of the private sector.
To promote the growth and development of entrepreneurship and to accelerate youth job creation, President Akufo-Addo has also introduced the National Entrepreneurship and Innovation Plan (NIEP). The government’s approach to stimulate enterprise activities and provide integrated national support for start-ups and small businesses. “There are a lot of unemployed youth who could be employed” states Dr. Aaron Issa Anafure, CEO of SIC Life “not directly by government but with their help, they can fund them to set up their own businesses.”
Ghana’s mission to be a leading entrepreneurial country is dependent on Minister of Finance Ken Ofori-Atta’s major tax reforms. These focus mainly on the abrogation and reduction of the taxes that have been holding back the growth of the private sector. “Ghana represents a pillar of stability in the region and it is our job to let the black star shine again and attract the needed investment to create a region that is both productive and profitable.” Hon. Ken Ofori-Atta states, “We have started the reforms to get the private sector to work again. We aim to provide stable exchange rates, lower interest rates, stable energy supply, a shift in taxation to support growth, while spending in critical areas of the economy.”
Ghana’s efforts to focus on the private sector to boost the economy and financial sector has brought about transparency and accountability. Clearance of goods from Ghana’s ports will be 100% paperless while all internal customs barriers in the country will also be removed to facilitate the movement of goods. Dr Ernest Addison, Governor of the bank of Ghana confirms the positive and swift change taking place, “Ghana is making progress on all fronts, that is politically, socially and economically. One of the few democratically stable African countries&#8230; Ghana has vast potentials of natural resources and investment opportunities, with friendly people and a favourable business climate.”

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FORBES AFRICA SOCIAL MEDIA

Botswana: A Hidden Gem Of Africa

Driving Economic Transformation In Africa Through Infrastructure Development

FOCUS ON GABON: The Emerging Eden of Africa

FOCUS ON DJIBOUTI: Strengthening Africa’s Passage To Prosperity

FOCUS ON ETHIOPIA: How The Cradle Of Mankind Is Fearlessly Leading By Example

FOCUS ON GHANA: Welcome to Africa’s Rising Black Star