Stellenbosch University’s Clive Gray receives the Harry Oppenheimer Fellowship Award, advancing his pioneering research on the effects of long-term antiretroviral treatment in HIV-positive mothers, shedding light on its link to premature births.



In a groundbreaking study, Professor Clive Gray of Stellenbosch University, South Africa, has established a significant link between long-term antiretroviral treatment in HIV-positive mothers and premature births. This research, supported by the Oppenheimer Memorial Trust&#8217;s Harry Oppenheimer Fellowship Award, could reshape our understanding of the effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on maternal and child health.



“What we found is that women who received pre-pregnancy antiretroviral treatment had a higher risk of maternal vascular malperfusion,” explains Professor Gray to FORBES AFRICA. This condition, characterized by the improper penetration of maternal blood vessels into the placenta, leads to insufficient oxygen and nutrient delivery to the fetus, increasing the risk of premature birth and low birth weight.



The research identified a key molecule, referred to as Factor X, found in lower levels in the placentas of women who give birth prematurely. Factor X, an enzyme present in macrophages (a type of white blood cell), is crucial for proper placental blood vessel formation. This discovery paves the way for developing predictive markers for adverse birth outcomes.


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<figure class="aligncenter size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Prof-Clive-Gray-Image-supplied-1024x683.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-62467" style="width:554px;height:auto" srcset="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Prof-Clive-Gray-Image-supplied-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Prof-Clive-Gray-Image-supplied-300x200.jpg 300w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Prof-Clive-Gray-Image-supplied-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Prof-Clive-Gray-Image-supplied.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Prof Clive Gray; Image supplied</figcaption></figure></div>


“Our aim is not to change policy or the use of antiretrovirals, but to understand their implications,” emphasizes Professor Gray. “If we can identify who is at risk, we can recommend adjunctive treatments to mitigate these risks.”



The implications of this research are profound. Maternal vascular malperfusion not only affects the immediate health of the newborn but also has long-term impacts, including developmental delays and neurocognitive disorders. Children exposed to HIV in-utero but not infected often exhibit learning difficulties, increased susceptibility to infections, and other health challenges.



“These HIV exposed uninfected children are not healthy,” Gray notes. “They suffer from more bacterial and viral infections, especially in the first few years of life, than their counterparts who are born to HIV uninfected mothers.”



The study highlights the need for a deeper understanding of how antiretroviral drugs interact with placental and fetal development. Gray’s team is investigating the exact mechanisms through which these drugs influence maternal vascular malperfusion and seeking to develop a biomarker for predicting which women are at risk.



Gray&#8217;s research has been significantly bolstered by the Oppenheimer Memorial Trust&#8217;s Harry Oppenheimer Fellowship Award. This award, recognizing world-class research with far-reaching impacts, will fund the continuation and expansion of Gray&#8217;s studies.



With the award’s support, Gray’s team aims to refine their predictive marker and explore potential interventions to counteract the negative effects of antiretrovirals on placental development. The ultimate goal is to ensure that HIV-positive mothers can receive effective treatment without compromising their babies&#8217; health.



A New Frontier in HIV Research



Gray&#8217;s work is pioneering in the field of reproductive immunology and HIV research. The findings challenge the existing understanding of antiretroviral therapy&#8217;s safety during pregnancy and highlight the need for ongoing investigation into its long-term effects.



“There is a substantial body of research on the HIV-exposed infant, but what&#8217;s missing is the immunological perspective, particularly concerning the placenta,” Gray explains. “Our research fills this gap and opens up new possibilities for improving maternal and child health outcomes.”



As Gray’s team continues to investigate the complex interactions between antiretroviral drugs and placental development, their work promises to have significant implications for public health policies and clinical practices worldwide.



“Our findings underscore the importance of monitoring and supporting the health of HIV-positive mothers and their babies,” Gray concludes. “By understanding the risks and developing targeted interventions, we can improve outcomes for both mothers and children.”



Looking Ahead



The future of this research holds promise. Gray and his team are writing grants to the National Institutes of Health to further investigate the link between HIV infection, placental dysfunction, and child development outcomes. They aim to establish a comprehensive understanding of the impact of antiretroviral therapy on both maternal and child health.



“Our goal is to create a predictive model for adverse birth outcomes and to develop interventions that can mitigate these risks,” Gray states. “We are committed to ensuring that HIV-positive mothers can receive the best possible care without compromising their children’s health.

Premature baby holds mothers hand

‘New Possibilities For Improving Maternal And Child Health Outcomes’: South African Professor On Path-Breaking HIV Research

Ireland has terminated visa-free travel from South Africa and Botswana, the country’s Justice Minister Helen McEntee announced yesterday. The application of the new requirements removes Ireland as one of the last visa-free travel destinations for South African citizens in Europe. This move comes despite the strong shared history of Ireland and South Africa, as well as the increasing annual trade between the two countries.



“The new requirements are introduced to bring Ireland into closer alignment with the Schengen Area and with the UK to ensure immigration controls are effective,” said Irish Ambassador to South Africa Austin Gormley in a video posted on the Embassy’s X account.



The decision, made just three years after visa requirements for South Africans were abolished post-Covid, is driven by a reported surge in asylum applications from travelers using South African passports, including individuals from Zimbabwe and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This year alone, Ireland reportedly received 198 asylum applications from South African passport holders, highlighting concerns over misuse of visa-free privileges.



“A wide range of factors are taken into account when introducing visa requirements to ensure we can continue to facilitate travel with processes that are robust, effective, and fair,” said McEntee during the announcement.



Effective from tomorrow, July 10, the new visa requirements mark a significant policy shift. Transitional arrangements have been put in place for Botswana and South African passport holders who have already made travel arrangements, with the increased restrictions applying only to travel beyond August 9, 2024.



In anticipation of increased visa applications, Ireland has established an Africa Desk in Dublin to facilitate visa processing and diplomatic relations. Additionally, three new visa processing centers will be opened in South Africa by VFS Global, aimed at streamlining application processes and managing the expected influx of visa requests.



The economic impact of these new visa requirements is expected to be substantial. Visa-free travel previously facilitated a significant number of South African visitors to Ireland each year, contributing to tourism, business exchanges, and educational partnerships. With the introduction of visas, adjustments in travel patterns and economic relations between the countries are anticipated.



The ease of travel and cultural exchanges that characterized visa-free arrangements will likely be affected, potentially influencing investment flows and educational collaborations. Despite this, Ambassador Gormley was at pains to make clear that the new requirements were not a reflection upon the relationship between Ireland and South Africa more broadly. “Ireland enjoys very strong bonds with South Africa and friendship… please be assured that the warm Irish welcome will continue to be there.”



South Africa and Botswana’s passport rankings are likely to be affected by these changes, influencing their citizens’ global travel ease. The establishment of new visa processing centers in South Africa by VFS Global aims to manage the anticipated rise in visa applications and ensure efficient processing.

This is important, I need it to see the world

Ireland No Longer Visa-Free For South Africa And Botswana Citizens

President Cyril Ramaphosa&#8217;s second term begins with a historic Government of National Unity, sparking cautious market optimism. While the Rand rallies and JP Morgan upgrades South Africa’s rankings, some warn that deep-seated structural issues and potential policy conflicts could impede sustained economic growth.



Today marked the second-term swearing-in of South Africa’s President Cyril Ramaphosa of the African National Congress (ANC), which has for the first time since 1997 been forced to form a Government of National Unity (GNU). The ANC, having lost its parliamentary majority for the first time since the dawn of democracy in the country, has formed a coalition with the opposition Democratic Alliance (DA) among others, an odd set of bedfellows between the proclaimed socialist ANC and neoliberal DA, and a direct response to the more economically left-leaning established Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) and newly-formed Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) party led by South Africa’s former President Jacob Zuma.



The move has sparked cautious optimism as well as more deliberate takes from markets and economists. Following the announcement of the GNU, the South African rand rallied 0.44% against the dollar against its previous close. Yesterday, global bank JP Morgan upgraded South Africa’s rankings from underweight to overweight. As Ramaphosa took his oath of office on a crisp winter’s morning in the country’s capital Pretoria, the rand broke below R18 to 1USD for the first time in almost a year.



“We affirm our resolute quest to build a growing and inclusive economy that offers opportunities and livelihoods to all people,” said Ramaphosa in his inauguration speech. “They want a transformed, growing, and inclusive economy.”



Unmeasured optimism isn’t the only sentiment, however, despite the short-term reaction of the markets. While noting the positive response, economist Dawie Roodt makes clear that the underlying structural problems are not only to be fixed overnight but that even these short-term benefits are unlikely to be realized for the majority of the populace.



A Problem of Structure



“The recent market optimism, it’s really good news,” said Roodt, Chief Economist of the Efficient Group, to FORBES AFRICA. “But you have to remember that the financial markets are not going to spill over that much into the real economy.”



South Africa has long been grappling with long-term challenges that have hampered economic growth; a battling state-owned electrical utility has meant regular outages to both business and public for nearly two decades. Railways and basic service delivery have redoubled these challenges, and coupled with a shrinking tax base, the short-term economic response will not necessarily lead to any strong long-term economic gains.



“The basic problem in South Africa is service delivery. Unfortunately, the damage that has been done to all levels of government over the past couple of years is really extensive – fixing that is going to be a major issue,” says Roodt. “The GNU’s commitment to infrastructure development and basic service provision is a positive step, but the extent of its impact will depend on the government’s ability to implement these changes effectively.”



There Might Be a Will, But Not a Way



“The people of South Africa have spoken about the land they want to farm, about the businesses they want to run,” said Ramaphosa today. “&#8230; about the things and products they want to make, about the skills they want to learn.”



It&#8217;s unclear at this point politically from where these results will come.



Despite both the DA and ANC appearing to make strong commitments toward the GNU, it’s early days yet. Both parties compromised extensively to achieve the agreement, with the DA confirming it would not support a motion to re-investigate President Ramaphosa over the Phala Phala farm scandal, whilst the ANC is open to negotiating with the DA on top cabinet positions.



The free-market-leaning DA, and the ostensibly more left-leaning ANC are also joined by the Zulu nationalist Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) and conservative but stated economically centrist Patriotic Alliance (PA) in the GNU, all of whom have crucially different stances on economic and social policy.



Long-Term Ramifications



Therein lies the challenge to long-term success, comments Roodt; not only are underlying structural problems unlikely to be solved easily, but what is likely is that a divergence of views could cause inaction and strife within the GNU.



“There are major challenges ahead. Both the DA and the ANC will try to prevent conflicts over policies and ideologies, but inevitably, conflicts will arise,” he comments. “What concerns me is that these conflicts could lead to the end of the coalition and even instability within the ANC itself… I doubt we will see a full five-year term for this new government due to these inevitable policy conflicts.”



In the most economically-unequal country in the world, the consequences of such a lack of action could be dire.



First Surety, Then Credit



As South Africa navigates this new political landscape, the long-term ramifications of the GNU’s policies are uncertain. President Ramaphosa&#8217;s commitment to economic reform is evident in his inauguration speech where he stated, &#8220;We affirm our resolute quest to build a growing and inclusive economy that offers opportunities and livelihoods to all people.&#8221; This commitment is crucial for addressing the country&#8217;s deep-rooted economic challenges, but it will require effective implementation and unwavering political will.



Roodt highlights the significant hurdles ahead, particularly the need for structural adjustments. &#8220;In order to fix the real economy, we need to make some structural adjustments,&#8221; Roodt emphasized. These adjustments, while necessary, are politically challenging and could lead to tensions within the coalition government. The ability of the GNU to navigate these challenges will be a key determinant of its success.



Delivering What The People Want



Ramaphosa&#8217;s vision for a more inclusive and just society also hinges on effective governance and anti-corruption measures. &#8220;The people have demanded an end to the theft of public funds and the capture of the state,&#8221; Ramaphosa asserted. Ensuring transparency and accountability in government operations will be essential for gaining public trust and fostering a conducive environment for economic growth.



As South Africa moves forward, the world watches closely. The GNU represents a bold step towards inclusive governance and economic reform, but the journey is fraught with challenges. The initial market optimism must be tempered with the reality of the structural issues that need to be addressed.



Roodt&#8217;s cautionary words serve as a reminder of the uphill battle that lies ahead. &#8220;This is not going to be an easy route. It is still a serious uphill battle ahead of us,&#8221; he warned. The coalition&#8217;s success will largely depend on its ability to navigate internal conflicts and make the tough structural adjustments needed to revive the economy.



Ramaphosa&#8217;s pledge to work with all sectors of society to address these challenges is a positive sign. &#8220;As the President of the Republic, I will work with everyone to reach out and work with every political party and sector that is willing to contribute to finding solutions to the challenges our country faces as we transition to a new decade of freedom,&#8221; he declared. In this pivotal moment, South Africa has the opportunity to forge a new path. The coming months and years will reveal whether the GNU can deliver on its promises and steer the nation towards sustainable economic growth and social justice. Only time will tell if this new era will truly bring about the transformative change that South Africans so desperately need.

Cyril Ramaphosa Starts New Term As President Of South Africa

Ramaphosa Sworn In For Second Time: Can South Africa’s GNU Deliver On Economic Reforms?

South Africa is entering a new political era with the formation of a Government of National Unity (GNU) between the previously ruling African National Congress (ANC) and the opposition Democratic Alliance (DA). This historic coalition, finalized amidst last-minute negotiations, represents a significant compromise from both sides and aims to stabilize governance at both national and provincial levels.



The GNU comes after the ANC, which secured 40.18% of the national vote, lost its parliamentary majority for the first time since the end of apartheid. The DA, with 21.81% of the vote, has agreed to support President Cyril Ramaphosa&#8217;s leadership, marking a shift towards a more collaborative governance model.



The formation of the GNU required substantial compromises from both major parties. The ANC initially proposed a &#8220;confidence and supply agreement&#8221;, which the DA rejected, insisting on what they proposed as a genuine power-sharing arrangement. This insistence led to the inclusion of the phrase &#8220;broadly proportional&#8221; in the final agreement, ensuring fair representation of both parties in the Cabinet.



ANC Secretary-General Fikile Mbalula emphasized the necessity of the GNU, stating, &#8220;This is a remarkable step towards uniting our country and addressing the challenges we face.&#8221; DA leader John Steenhuisen, speaking at the signing of the agreement, highlighted the importance of this collaboration, saying, &#8220;Today marks the beginning of a new era where we put our differences aside for the betterment of all South Africans.&#8221;



In an interview with FORBES AFRICA, Gustavo de Carvalho, a Senior Researcher on African Governance and Diplomacy at the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA), notes that managing these differences will be crucial. &#8220;The ability of these parties to make difficult decisions together and manage the country without always threatening the coalition is essential,&#8221; he says. &#8220;Conflict management tools and mechanisms will be put to the test.&#8221;



In with the Old, Despite the Rise of the New



At the national level, this coalition is expected to bring stability, with President Ramaphosa likely to remain in office. The GNU will also impact provincial governance, especially in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), Gauteng, and the Northern Cape provinces, where no party holds a clear majority. The DA&#8217;s participation in the GNU is seen as a strategic move to influence policy and governance, potentially stabilizing these regions.



This election also saw the emergence of new political players like Rise Mzansi and ActionSA, which made significant inroads but were overshadowed by the uMkhonto weSizwe Party (MK), led by South Africa’s former President Jacob Zuma. The MK Party quickly became a formidable force, particularly in KZN, where it secured 45.35% of the vote, making it the largest party in the province.



Zuma&#8217;s influence has been pivotal in the MK Party&#8217;s rise. His called for delaying the election results announcement, citing alleged irregularities, underscored the tension and uncertainty surrounding this election. Zuma stated in a press conference, &#8220;No one should declare the results until all concerns are addressed. This is about ensuring fairness and transparency.&#8221;



Coalition Challenges



The GNU, while a groundbreaking move, is essentially a coalition, which has had mixed success at the metro level. Previous coalitions in cities like Johannesburg and Nelson Mandela Bay have faced numerous challenges, including instability and frequent changes in leadership. The effectiveness of the GNU will depend on its ability to navigate these challenges and maintain cohesive governance.



De Carvalho highlighted the ideological differences between the ANC and DA as potential flashpoints. &#8220;There are often spaces where the ANC and DA have been at odds, whether in terms of foreign policy, land reform, or the National Health Insurance. These could become clashing points that affect coalition stability,&#8221; he explains.



The DA&#8217;s insistence on genuine power-sharing rather than a &#8220;confidence and supply agreement&#8221; reflects its determination to avoid being marginalized in the coalition. This stance was evident during the negotiations when the DA demanded the inclusion of &#8220;broadly proportional&#8221; representation in the Cabinet. The DA&#8217;s participation in the GNU is expected to influence provincial governance, potentially leading to more efficient service delivery and better management of resources.



Stability



The success of this coalition government will be closely watched, as it has the potential to set a precedent for future governance models in South Africa. Ramaphosa, in a recent address, acknowledged the importance of this moment, saying, &#8220;We have a unique opportunity to demonstrate that our democracy is strong and capable of adapting to new political realities.&#8221;



De Carvalho pointed out the importance of this administration for both parties. &#8220;This administration is incredibly important for the ANC to show they can maintain their goals and objectives and for the DA to prove they can appeal beyond their traditional voters,&#8221; he says.



The formation of the GNU marks a significant step towards a more inclusive and collaborative political landscape in South Africa. While challenges remain, the commitment of both the ANC and the DA to this new model of governance holds promise for addressing the nation&#8217;s pressing issues and ensuring stability in the years to come.



Provincial Stability



The impact of the GNU will be felt strongly at the provincial level. In provinces like Gauteng and the Northern Cape, where no party holds a clear majority, the coalition government could bring much-needed stability. The DA&#8217;s participation is expected to influence provincial governance, potentially leading to more efficient service delivery and better management of resources.



The MK’s Rise



The rise of the uMkhonto weSizwe Party (MK) has been one of the most significant developments in this election. Led by former President Jacob Zuma, the MK Party has quickly established itself as a major political force, particularly in KwaZulu-Natal. The party&#8217;s success is largely attributed to Zuma&#8217;s influence and his ability to mobilize support among his loyal base.



Zuma&#8217;s contentious statements during the election, including threats to challenge the results, have added to the political tension. However, the MK Party&#8217;s significant share of the vote indicates a shift in the political landscape, with voters seeking alternatives to the traditional powerhouses.



Coalition Challenges



While the GNU is a promising step towards inclusive governance, it is not without challenges. Coalition governments at the metro level have faced numerous issues, including instability and frequent leadership changes. The effectiveness of the GNU will depend on the ability of the ANC and DA to navigate these challenges and work towards common goals.



The framework agreement includes mechanisms for dispute resolution and consensus-building, which will be crucial in maintaining stability. Ramaphosa, in his address, emphasized the importance of these mechanisms, stating, &#8220;We must work together to ensure that our government remains stable and responsive to the needs of our people.&#8221;



De Carvalho also highlighted the importance of perceptions and public opinion. &#8220;The decay in terms of votes for the ANC and the limited growth for the DA shows pressure from the public for changes in governance,&#8221; he says. &#8220;Both parties have a lot to prove in this new administration.&#8221;



The formation of the Government of National Unity marks a new chapter in South Africa&#8217;s political history. While it brings hope for a more inclusive and collaborative governance model, it also presents significant challenges. The commitment of both the ANC and the DA to this new model will be tested in the coming months, as they work to address the nation&#8217;s pressing issues and ensure stability in governance.

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‘Both Parties Have A Lot To Prove’: South Africa’s Unity Government And Challenges Of The New Political Reality

In a devastating blow to Malawi, Vice President Saulos Klaus Chilima and nine others have died in a plane crash that occurred on June 10, along with nine other persons on board. The Malawian Defense Force aircraft, enroute from the Malawian city of Lilongwe to Mzuzu for the funeral of former Attorney General Ralph Kasambara, went down reportedly amid poor visibility and bad weather conditions.



Malawian President Lazarus Chakwera addressed the nation on Tuesday, confirming the tragic news. “The plane has been found and I am deeply saddened and sorry to inform you all, it has turned out to be a terrible tragedy,” Chakwera said in a televised address. He added, “Something terrible went wrong with that aircraft on its flight back… sending it crashing down and killing everyone on board and leaving us all devastated.”



The exact cause of the crash remains unclear, but initial reports suggest that adverse weather conditions played a significant role. The plane lost contact with aviation authorities shortly after being instructed to return to Lilongwe due to poor visibility. Rescuers combed the fog-cloaked forest south of Mzuzu, where the plane was last detected.



The rescue operations were extensive, involving support from neighboring countries and international partners. General Paul Valentino Phiri, Malawi’s army commander, highlighted the collaborative efforts, including helicopters and drones provided by countries like the United States, Britain, Norway, and Israel.



The Malawian Defense Force aircraft was carrying Chilima, a prominent political figure and widely respected leader in Malawi. Also on board were Gloria Mtukule, a notable figure, and Shanil Dzimbiri, the former First Lady of Malawi. The tragic deaths of these key political and public figures have had a significant impact on the nation.



President Chakwera praised Vice President Chilima, describing him as “a good man, a devoted father and husband, a patriotic citizen who served his country with distinction, a formidable vice president.” He extended his condolences to the families of all the victims, acknowledging their service to the nation.



The political implications of this tragedy are profound. Chilima, a charismatic leader, had been expected to be a presidential candidate in the 2025 elections.



This incident also raises concerns about the safety and reliability of military flights in the region. The Malawian government has pledged a thorough investigation into the crash to prevent such tragedies in the future. As the nation mourns, the government faces the dual challenge of ensuring a transparent investigation and maintaining political stability – particularly in the runup to the upcoming elections.

Malawi’s Anti-Corruption Bureau arrested the country’s Vice President Chilima over corruption allegations in Lilongwe

Malawian Vice President Confirmed Dead In Plane Crash

The country’s National and Provincial Elections marked a significant shift in the political landscape, this as the African National Congress (ANC) lost its parliamentary majority for the first time, along with the rapid rise of the uMkhonto weSizwe (MK) Party, among others.



The 2024 elections in South Africa have been described by some as the most hotly-contested since the end of apartheid in 1994. The results have ushered in a new era of coalition politics, challenging the dominance of the African National Congress (ANC) and highlighting the rapid emergence of the uMkhonto weSizwe (MK) Party.



For the first time in 30 years, the ANC has lost its parliamentary majority, securing only 40.18% of the National Assembly vote and the most of the 400 available seats. This represents a significant drop from its previous standing, necessitating coalition talks with parties such as Democratic Alliance (DA) and Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF), to form a stable government.



The rise of the MK Party, led by former president Jacob Zuma, has been a remarkable development in South African politics.



Gustavo de Carvalho, a Senior Researcher on African governance and diplomacy at the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA), explains to FORBES AFRICA that “the rise of the MK Party as the third-largest political party in South Africa is largely reflective of the internal conflicts and factional behaviors within the ANC over the past 15 years”.



“This development is significant as it creates a major split for the ANC in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) and requires the party to rethink how to reach out to those bases,” he adds.



The MK Party secured 14.58% of the national vote and has become the largest party in KZN, although it fell short of an outright majority in the province. This shift underscores the fragmentation of the traditional ANC electorate.



The MK Party’s success has largely come at the expense of the ANC and EFF, both of which have seen a significant decline in support. There have been concerns about potential unrest in KZN, particularly due to Zuma’s comments challenging the election results and alleged vote rigging. The authorities are closely watching the situation to prevent any escalation of violence and to maintain peace as the political landscape continues to shift.



Voter turnout was another critical aspect of this election, with a participation rate of 58.64%, down from 66% in the previous elections.



“The lower turnout is due to several issues. Many still feel disenchanted with the options provided to them and are reluctant to vote for any party. This is a similar declining trend we have seen in South Africa for at least ten years,” De Carvalho notes.



The IEC (Independent Electoral Commission) reported handling 579 objections and 24 recounts, none of which were significant enough to alter the election outcome. Despite the objections and accusations of vote-rigging from some quarters, the IEC maintained that the elections were free and fair.



“The IEC’s handling of the election has been commendable despite minor glitches,” says de Carvalho.



“Their emphasis on accuracy and speed, even with the additional ballot, demonstrates their commitment to maintaining the integrity of the elections. This should positively impact public trust in the electoral process.”



The election has set the stage for a period of coalition governance, with significant challenges and opportunities ahead.



De Carvalho highlights the complexity of forming these coalitions, noting, “Parties will consider how these coalitions will impact their ideological stances, particularly identifying views of the ANC that may oppose their own. The DA and the IFP (Inkatha Freedom Party) seem to be more pragmatic than ideological in their approaches, while the MK has specific demands related to the Ramaphosa-Zuma battle.”



Coalition talks are currently underway, with the ANC engaging in discussions with both the EFF and DA.



The provincial results further underscore the shift in South Africa’s political landscape. In Gauteng, the ANC lost its majority, securing only 36.48% of the vote, followed by the DA with 26.63% and the EFF with 12.47%.



In KZN, the MK Party emerged as the largest party with 45.93% of the vote, followed by the ANC with 17.62% and the IFP with 16.28%.



“I grew up loving the ANC because of how they fought for the freedom we have today,” says Skhumbuzo Mnyandu, a business owner from KwaMashu.



“But this year, I have changed because of the problems with the ruling party, and so I have become a member of the MK Party.”



The Western Cape remains under the control of the DA, which secured 53.05% of the vote, while the ANC garnered 21.34%. The Northern Cape is also set for coalition politics, with the ANC losing its outright majority in the province.



President Cyril Ramaphosa, in his address at the IEC Election Results Announcement, called for unity and cooperation, stating, “The people of South Africa expect their leaders to work together to meet their needs. They expect the parties for which they have voted to find common ground, to overcome their differences, to act and work together for the good of everyone.”



The final seat allocations in the National Assembly reflect the new political reality: the ANC holds 159 seats, the DA 87, the MK Party 58, and the EFF 39. Other parties like the IFP, the Patriotic Alliance (PA), and the Freedom Front Plus (VF Plus) have also secured notable representation.



As South Africa navigates this new political landscape, the emphasis remains on working together for the good of the country. The 2024 elections have not only redefined the political dynamics, with the future of the country now hinging on the ability of its leaders to navigate these changes and build a government that truly reflects the will of the people.

ANC Fails To Win Majority For First Time Since 1994

South Africa: The Era Of Coalition Politics Begins

South Africa is in the midst of a historic election as votes have been counted and are still being captured and finalized, with nearly 80% tallied so far. This election marks the most competitive since the country’s first democratic vote in 1994, posing a real challenge to the long-standing rule of the African National Congress (ANC).



For the first time, the ANC faces significant competition, particularly in the country’s KwaZulu-Natal province, from the newly-formed uMkhonto we Sizwe (MK) party led by former President Jacob Zuma, named after the armed wing of the ANC under apartheid. Despite its recent establishment, the party has experienced tremendous growth, reflecting widespread dissatisfaction with the current political landscape, with the party appearing to cannibalize votes from the ruling ANC.



This election encompasses municipal, provincial, and national ballots, raising the real possibility of coalition governments. Record levels of voter turnout have been reported, with some people queuing until midnight to cast their votes. Notably, in the run-up to the election, South Africa has experienced its longest period without loadshedding (power outage) in recent memory, providing some respite to voters and hinting at the pressing issues influencing their choices.



Chief Electoral Officer Sy Mamabolo of the Independent Electoral Commission (IEC) expressed satisfaction with the electoral process, stating to media at the Results Operating Center (ROC) in Johannesburg: “We are pleased with the high turnout and the smooth running of the voting process. Every citizen who made an effort to be at the voting station was given the opportunity to vote.” He emphasized the IEC’s commitment to ensuring every vote counts and maintaining the integrity of the electoral process.



Mamabolo also addressed the high turnout, noting: “Evidently, we are in for a higher turnout than we had in 2019, which is why it is the singular intention of the commission to ensure that every voter who is in the queue is given an opportunity to record their political choice.”



Despite minor delays and technical issues at some polling stations, the IEC reported no major irregularities. The country’s stagnant economic growth and high levels of corruption have fueled voter turnout and the rise of smaller parties such as Build One South Africa (BOSA) and Rise Mzansi, challenging the traditional dominance of the ANC and the Democratic Alliance (DA).



As the results continue to come in, the ANC’s majority is genuinely threatened. If coalitions become necessary, it could dramatically change the political landscape at every level of government in South Africa.



Mamabolo assured the public that the vote counting process would be both swift and accurate. “The commission is careful not to take long to get to a point where they declare results. We balance two imperatives: accuracy and speed, to ensure the country is not left in a politically tenuous situation,” he stated.



The election day (May 29) itself was not without its challenges. Long queues and occasional technical difficulties tested the patience of voters. In some areas, delays were caused by problems with voter roll machines and the late arrival of ballot papers. However, these issues did not deter South Africans from exercising their democratic rights. Voters in urban areas, particularly in Gauteng and the Western Cape, reported a late surge in turnout, keeping polling stations busy until the very last minute.



The high voter turnout is a testament to the public’s desire for change and accountability. Many South Africans have expressed frustration over the persistent issues of unemployment, crime, and corruption. This election has given voice to these concerns, with voters seeking alternatives to the status quo. The emergence of new political entities and the potential for coalition governments reflect a more dynamic and possibly fragmented political future. 



Looking ahead, the final results of this election will set the stage for South Africa’s political trajectory. Whether the ANC manages to retain its majority or is forced to form alliances, the implications will be profound. A shift in power dynamics could lead to significant policy changes and a re-evaluation of governance strategies. South Africa stands at a crossroads, with the potential for a new era of political collaboration and reform on the horizon. Mamabolo stated that results are likely to be finalized over the course of the weekend.

South Africans Await Results In National Election

South Africa’s Historic Polls: Unprecedented Voter Turnout And A Possible Turning Point In 30th Year Of Democracy

Today, April 25, marks World Malaria Day, spotlighting the pressing need to “accelerate the fight against malaria for a more equitable world”. Highlighting the day’s global call to action, Dr Daniel Ngamije, Director of the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Malaria Programme, in a letter released today, emphasized that &#8220;our strategies aim to reach the most marginalized and at-risk populations&#8221;.



In South Africa, the mosquito-borne infectious disease remains a relatively limited challenge due to high levels of monitoring and reporting, as well as the country’s climate. However, the provinces of KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, and Mpumalanga reportedly continue to see high case numbers due to their proximity to malaria-endemic countries. The Notifiable Medical Conditions Surveillance System (NMC-SS) report for the 2022-23 season documents 5,813 malaria cases nationwide, shedding light on the demographic most affected and the timing of case spikes.



Dr Sarah Stacey, Head of Infectious Diseases at Charlotte Maxeke Academic Hospital in Johannesburg, provides context to FORBES AFRICA: &#8220;It&#8217;s crucial to determine whether the malaria cases we treat are locally acquired or imported. Compared to the global burden of malaria, our case numbers are not significant. We are not an endemic country; we experience seasonal malaria.&#8221;



She elaborates on the climatic factors influencing malaria transmission in the region, &#8220;Our climate is the primary factor distinguishing areas with endemic malaria from those with only seasonal occurrences.&#8221;



On a broader scale, significant advancements in malaria prevention were marked by a milestone in Africa today. Benin, Liberia, and Sierra Leone launched a large-scale rollout of the life-saving malaria vaccine, targeting millions of children across these West African nations. This development brings to eight the number of African countries incorporating the malaria vaccine into their childhood immunization programs, with others poised to follow with the support of Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance.



&#8220;The introduction of the malaria vaccine in the Expanded Programme on Immunization is a major step forward in the fight against this scourge,&#8221; said Prof Benjamin Hounkpatin, Minister of Health of Benin, in a press statement. This sentiment was echoed by Dr Louise Kpoto, Liberia’s Minister of Health, who remarked, &#8220;For far too long, malaria has stolen the laughter and dreams of our children. But today, with this vaccine and the unwavering commitment of our communities, healthcare workers, and our partners, we break the chain.&#8221;



These efforts are part of a concerted push to expand access to a tool that has shown promise in significantly reducing malaria illness and child mortality, as demonstrated by a pilot program in Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi which reached over 2 million children.



On World Malaria Day, the global community is reminded of the critical importance of a concerted effort to tackle this disease. Ngamije’s message is clear: &#8220;Only through a concerted, inclusive effort can we hope to achieve our ultimate goal — a world free of malaria.&#8221; This sentiment is powerfully supported by ongoing international efforts and the expansion of vaccine programs across Africa, underlining a robust global and local commitment to ending malaria.



The celebration of these vaccine rollouts emphasizes the integrated approach to malaria prevention that includes vaccines, insecticide-treated nets, and other measures.



The progress in vaccine rollout and the persistent efforts of countries, NGOs, and international partners encapsulate the dynamic nature of the global fight against malaria. As countries like Benin, Liberia, and Sierra Leone demonstrate, overcoming malaria requires persistent innovation, robust partnerships, and unwavering dedication to saving lives and enhancing public health.

Global Warming and the Spread of Mosquito-borne Diseases in Mozambique

On World Malaria Day, Focus On The Battle Against The Mosquito-Borne Disease In Africa

In a move aimed at addressing decades of economic turmoil, Zimbabwe recently launched its new gold-backed currency, Zimbabwe Gold, ZiG, with hopes of bringing stability to its volatile financial landscape. However, experts warn that the road ahead for ZiG is fraught with challenges, with doubts lingering over its ability to enact meaningful change without systemic and governmental shifts to match.



Renowned South African economic analyst Daniel Silke cautions against placing too much faith in the currency&#8217;s ability to single-handedly solve Zimbabwe&#8217;s economic woes. Silke suggests that while a new currency may offer a temporary reprieve, lasting stability requires comprehensive economic and political reforms. He emphasizes to FORBES AFRICA, &#8220;A new currency is like putting a plaster over a wound, rather than treating its cause.&#8221; Silke&#8217;s analogy underscores the deeper structural issues facing Zimbabwe&#8217;s economy, highlighting the need for systemic change beyond mere currency reform.



Marisa Lourenço, an independent political and risk analyst, echoes Silke&#8217;s sentiments, expressing skepticism about ZiG&#8217;s potential impact on inflationary pressures. Lourenço points out that Zimbabwe&#8217;s history of currency failures highlights the need for more than just a change in currency. She emphasizes the importance of building reserves, committing to long-term monetary policies, and tackling corruption to address root causes of economic instability. &#8220;Printing money actually drives up inflation, which we have seen happen before in Zimbabwe,” she asserts in an interview with FORBES AFRICA, underscoring the complex interplay between monetary policy and inflation dynamics, suggesting that ZiG may not provide the desired solution to Zimbabwe&#8217;s economic challenges.



The introduction of ZiG comes amidst a backdrop of skepticism surrounding the Zimbabwean government&#8217;s ability to manage monetary policy effectively. Lourenço suggests that a stable monetary policy is crucial for maintaining ZiG&#8217;s credibility in the long term. She advocates for a liberalized currency regime, allowing the market to determine the currency&#8217;s value without undue interference from the central bank. &#8220;A stable monetary policy that enables a liberalized currency regime is essential,&#8221; Lourenço states, emphasizing the importance of market-driven mechanisms.



One of the key challenges facing ZiG is its coexistence alongside other currencies, particularly the United States (U.S.) dollar, which remains widely used in transactions. Silke highlights the dominance of the U.S. dollar and the difficulty of displacing it, especially in a country like Zimbabwe with an entrenched parallel market. Lourenço adds that Zimbabwe&#8217;s currency instability makes it challenging: &#8220;Given Zimbabwe’s track record in being unable to sustain its own currency on at least two occasions, the uptake of the ZiG is going to be difficult to enforce.&#8221;



Concerns have also been raised about the adequacy of gold reserves to back the new currency. Lourenço suggests that Zimbabwe&#8217;s government needs external assistance to address its massive debt arrears. However, she notes that political and economic reforms, including respecting democratic freedoms and implementing stable monetary policies, are essential for restoring confidence in ZiG&#8217;s stability. &#8220;Zimbabwe desperately needs external assistance to help clear its massive debt arrears,&#8221; Lourenço asserts, highlighting the urgency of international support. However, she cautions that without fundamental reforms, Zimbabwe may struggle to overcome its economic challenges and restore confidence in ZiG.



Despite these challenges, Silke remains cautiously optimistic about Zimbabwe&#8217;s future. He suggests that while the road ahead may be difficult, there is potential for positive change if the government commits to meaningful reforms. &#8220;Zimbabwe has the opportunity to turn things around,&#8221; Silke states, &#8220;but it will require bold leadership and decisive action.&#8221; Lourenço echoes this sentiment, emphasizing the need for political will and international cooperation to support Zimbabwe&#8217;s recovery efforts.

Zimbabwe Replaces Battered Dollar With New Unit Called ZiG

Can Zimbabwe’s New Gold-Backed Currency Solve Its Economic Woes? Experts Weigh In

Change Starts Now (CSN), the political initiative led by former FirstRand Group chair Roger Jardine, has decided not to contest the 2024 national and provincial elections. This announcement came just days after the party unveiled an ambitious manifesto in Kliptown, Soweto, proposing sweeping reforms to uplift South African society.



In a significant move, the party has cited the primary reasons for its withdrawal. &#8220;The recent Constitutional Court ruling and the barriers it imposes on newly-established political parties means CSN, like several other parties, faces a prejudicial, logistical timetable to qualify for the ballot,&#8221;



Jardine stated.



The Constitutional Court decided last week not to hear a challenge to the Electoral Amendment Act’s requirement for the number of signatures new parties require for the elections, suggesting that CSN might not have met the minimum requirement.



Despite the withdrawal, Jardine has stated that CSN&#8217;s vision remains undeterred, emphasizing that the party will move forward in an attempt to influence the political climate by supporting other registered parties that reflect their own values, &#8220;in the interests of increasing the chances of political change&#8221;.



The withdrawal comes in the wake of the apex court&#8217;s refusal to expedite the review of signature requirements for political parties not represented in the legislature. The court&#8217;s decision not to lower the threshold for new parties, while independent candidates need only 1,000 signatures to register, has been met with criticism from various political entities. The Electoral Commission of South Africa (IEC) has maintained its stance, urging parties to adhere to the nomination submission deadline of March 8.



Jardine, who launched CSN in December 2023 amid what was described as a national crisis, has reiterated the party&#8217;s commitment to continue advocating for the principles outlined in their Change Charter. &#8220;Our research tells us that only 41% of voters want to vote for the African National Congress (ANC),&#8221; Jardine said, signaling a potent demand for new political alternatives. Despite not participating in the upcoming elections, CSN plans to remain an active voice in shaping South Africa&#8217;s political discourse.



The party&#8217;s leadership, including prominent figures like Mark Heywood and Nicole Fritz, has indicated that CSN will persist in its efforts to unite South Africans behind a shared vision. &#8220;A lot of political work is needed to unite South Africans behind a shared vision for the future of our country,&#8221; Jardine stated, pointing out the necessity for cohesive action beyond electoral competition.



Change Starts Now&#8217;s exit from the election race is a poignant reminder of the dynamic and often arduous nature of South African politics for new entrants. Despite the rise of many new independent parties to challenge the dominance of larger participants such as the ANC, Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF), and Democratic Alliance (DA), as the country approaches the most highly-contested election since 1994, the political landscape continues to evolve. The increasing influence of independent influence and coalitions presents a challenge to the traditional framework.



Ends

Change Starts Now Launches Election Manifesto At Walter Sisulu Square

Change Starts Later – New Party Withdraws From 2024 South African Elections

Amid economic challenges, the country&#8217;s latest budget speech draws critical analysis from economist Dawie Roodt, shedding light on the fiscal strategies&#8217; impact on economic growth and the path ahead for the nation.



In an era marked by economic turbulence, South Africa&#8217;s fiscal policy comes under scrutiny following the recent budget speech, aimed at addressing the nation&#8217;s pressing economic challenges. The speech was presented by Finance Minister Enoch Godongwana last week. Dawie Roodt, a renowned economist and Director of the Efficient Group, offers a candid assessment of the outlined fiscal measures and their potential trajectory for South Africa&#8217;s economy.



According to Minister Godongwana, the 2024 budget implements strategic expenditure cuts, aimed at achieving fiscal stability and economic resilience. Specifically, it targets a reduction in non-interest expenditure by ZAR80.6 billion ($4.19 billion) over the medium term, as part of a comprehensive fiscal consolidation strategy.



This measure is complemented by revenue adjustments, which have been revised upwards by ZAR45.6 billion ($2.3 billion) over the same period, compared to the 2023 Medium Term Budget Policy Statement projections.



Additionally, the budget proposes a reform of the Gold and Foreign Exchange Contingency Reserve Account. These adjustments are integral to the government&#8217;s efforts to manage the budget deficit and national debt, reflecting a focused approach to fiscal management in response to current economic challenges.



Despite these state efforts to manage the deficit, Roodt critiques the sustainability of the fiscal account, warning of a looming financial crisis if the current borrowing trend continues in the face of a weak economy.



“The fiscal actions are part of the reason why the economy is not growing,” he says to FORBES AFRICA.



“The fiscal account has become unsustainable, and we are heading for a financial crisis,” Roodt adds, emphasizing the urgent need for a shift in fiscal strategy.



Highlighting state inefficiencies, Roodt points out that despite significant spending, outcomes, especially in education, are dismal.



“We spend a lot of money on education&#8230;but the outcome of education is horrible. The primary focus must be on the improvement of the efficiency of the state,” he says.



On healthcare, Roodt is skeptical about the implementation of significant spending towards health, including the National Health Insurance (NHI), citing financial constraints and efficiency issues.



“It&#8217;s simply going to cost too much money. We ran out of money already; and the government simply is not efficient enough to implement this.”



To combat the FATF greylisting, the government has allocated ZAR628 million ($32.7 million) towards implementing the FATF and State Capture Commission recommendations, totaling ZAR2.3 billion ($119 million) dedicated to these efforts. This budget allocation is part of a broader strategy to address the greylisting by enhancing legal and regulatory frameworks to meet international standards on anti-money laundering (AML) and combating the financing of terrorism (CFT).



Roodt, however, remains skeptical, describing the difficulties presented by the FATF greylisting, especially in the financial services industry, and the broader negative effects on South Africa&#8217;s international business relations.



Addressing social grants and public employment as mechanisms to mitigate poverty and unemployment, Roodt argues these measures are unsustainable without economic growth.



“This is totally unsustainable. You need economic growth. You&#8217;re not going to create jobs or mitigate poverty by spending more money on people,” he advises, calling for policies that truly stimulate economic growth.



The 2024 budget speech, amidst South Africa&#8217;s economic challenges, reflects a critical juncture in the country&#8217;s fiscal management. The government faces the dual task of stimulating economic growth while managing its debt and deficit.



Roodt&#8217;s analysis underscores the importance of efficiency and targeted spending, particularly in education and healthcare, to navigate the path toward sustainable development.



As South Africa addresses international concerns such as the FATF greylisting, the emphasis on reform and compliance highlights the broader effort to secure economic stability. The road ahead requires a balanced approach, integrating fiscal responsibility with strategic investments to foster a resilient and inclusive economy.

South African Minister Godongwana Delivers 2024 Budget Speech In Cape Town

South Africa’s Budget Speech: A Fiscal Reality Check

South Africa joins other African nations like Cape Verde, Seychelles, Mauritius, and Namibia in attracting &#8216;digital nomads’.



South Africa is positioning itself as a beacon for global professionals through its latest visa regulation amendments, including the introduction of the &#8216;digital nomad&#8217; visa. Announcing these changes via his newsletter on Monday, President Cyril Ramaphosa underscored the urgency of attracting skilled individuals to propel the country&#8217;s competitiveness and economic growth. &#8220;To succeed in an ever-changing global economy, our country needs far more people with the right skills,&#8221; Ramaphosa articulated, emphasizing the initiative&#8217;s role in fostering employment and innovation.



The South African Department of Home Affairs has gazetted proposed amendments, including the digital nomad visa, inviting public feedback until March 29. This step towards modernizing immigration laws underscores the initiative&#8217;s potential but also its pending finalization. Additionally, South Africa joins other African nations like Cape Verde, Seychelles, Mauritius, and Namibia in attracting digital nomads, reflecting a continent-wide embrace of remote work trends. These countries offer unique opportunities for digital nomads, highlighting Africa&#8217;s growing appeal in the global digital economy.



&#8220;The story really is how the world of work has changed, and the world of work means that you can work anywhere at any point in time because of the internet, and disruption that has taken place because of technological innovation,&#8221; explains Judi Nwokedi, a tourism expert and Founding President of the Black Business Women&#8217;s Alliance to FORBES AFRICA. &#8220;So you have a new cohort of workers with possibly high levels of disposable income&#8230; to capture a fast, emerging sector that is in demand… You want to attract people like that, and their spending.”



The Department of Home Affairs aims to simplify the visa regime, recently introducing a points-based system for the critical skills visa and offering the &#8216;digital nomad&#8217; visa to remote workers employed by foreign companies. This approach not only acknowledges the shifting paradigms of work but also promises to make South Africa a lucrative destination for high-skilled professionals. According to the government gazette published on February 8 this year, these amendments are designed to attract talents that can contribute significantly to the South African economy by introducing a more flexible and welcoming visa policy for digital nomads and professionals with critical skills.



Nwokedi further emphasizes the need for ease of access, &#8220;Flight connectivity, and a visa regime that is seamless. Apply online, pay online and move into the digital economy&#8230; We are competing with many attractive destinations, and one of the hurdles is getting a visa.&#8221;



South Africa has already been a destination for remote workers, with the Covid-19 pandemic having accelerated remote work, allowing workers from economically strong countries to migrate and work – especially in Cape Town, voted as the most popular remote work destination according to a survey by Remote.io.



However, challenges in the form of visa processing delays and administrative complexities could potentially deter the talent South Africa seeks to attract. In December 2023, the Department of Home Affairs issued a waiver to visa applicants and visa holders requesting extensions due to the current backlog the Department is experiencing.



Despite these obstacles, the allure of South Africa as a destination for digital nomads remains strong. The country&#8217;s diverse culture, breathtaking landscapes, and vibrant tech scene present a compelling case for remote workers and critical skills professionals looking for a dynamic work-life balance.



Nwokedi also highlighted the economic dynamics affected by the influx of digital nomads, &#8220;I guess when you are in a free market, the free market forces reign&#8230; so you have to have dynamic pricing which protects the locals, but you also have to want locals who want to make money.&#8221;



The economic impact of this initiative could be transformative, with potential boosts to tourism, real estate, and local businesses.



Rental prices in desirable remote work destinations such as Cape Town have increased drastically, with the latest State of Cape Town Central City Report indicating an annual increase of 28% for one-bedroom apartments, driven in part by the influx of foreign remote workers.



In his newsletter, Ramaphosa expressed optimism about the initiative&#8217;s impact on innovation and competitiveness. &#8220;International experience shows that employees with critical skills contribute to improved productivity, enhanced innovation,&#8221; he noted, signaling a strategic move to bolster the country&#8217;s global standing through a skilled workforce.



Nwokedi concludes, &#8220;South Africa can do with as many positive components to redefine the narrative of our country and our brand. If it is an intervention that does not require huge capital, why not take the path less traveled where you can shift the needle on the dial?&#8221;



The introduction of digital nomad visas by South Africa represents a forward-thinking approach to economic growth, recognizing the value of integrating global talent into the local economy.



Ends

Male traveler at the airport using his cell phone while waiting for his flight

South Africa: Embracing Digital Nomads For Economic Growth

South Africa is on the brink of a historic electoral shift as it prepares for the general elections set for May 29. President Cyril Ramaphosa&#8217;s announcement of the election date, coinciding with the country&#8217;s 30th anniversary of democracy, marks a critical juncture for the African National Congress (ANC) and the nation&#8217;s evolving political landscape.



The ANC, having dominated South African politics since the end of apartheid in 1994, faces a significant test as polls suggest a decline in its popularity among voters. Marisa Lourenço, a seasoned political and risk analyst, points out to FORBES AFRICA, &#8220;Even if the ANC drops below 50% of the total vote share, it will almost certainly remain the largest party in parliament.&#8221; This potential shift towards coalition governments at the national level raises questions about service delivery and governance stability.



Lourenço warns of the challenges posed by coalition politics, citing the local level&#8217;s chaos as a possible precursor to what could unfold nationally. &#8220;But I don’t expect things to be quite so bad at the national level,&#8221; she adds, suggesting that the ideological similarities between the ANC and the Democratic Alliance (DA) might offer a silver lining for governance stability.



The recent compulsory release of documents related to the ANC&#8217;s cadre deployment policy has stirred controversy, revealing the party&#8217;s strategy for placing political appointees across government levels. Lourenço argues that the focus should be on the message, not the messenger, as it exposes the depths of kleptocracy within South Africa&#8217;s judiciary. &#8220;Proof of the attempt to capture the judiciary is the single largest event post-1994 that indicates that not all is well in democratic South Africa,&#8221; she asserts, questioning the readiness of South Africans to confront these revelations.



The timing of Ramaphosa&#8217;s election date announcement, deemed unusual by some due to its proximity to the budget speech, is strategic according to Lourenço. She believes it served to distract from the cadre deployment controversy and focus on the importance of voting, amidst the ANC&#8217;s attempts to leverage its liberation movement legacy to maintain support.



Furthermore, the emergence of new political parties, including the MK party endorsed by former President Jacob Zuma, introduces additional dynamics into the election. However, Lourenço views Zuma&#8217;s influence as limited, particularly on a national scale. &#8220;His message resonates in KwaZulu-Natal, but he doesn’t have a wider national pull,&#8221; she explains, downplaying the potential impact of Zuma&#8217;s political maneuvers on the broader election outcome.



As South Africa approaches these pivotal elections, the ANC&#8217;s dominance is challenged not only by internal factionalism and national issues such as power cuts and unemployment but also by the evolving political landscape marked by the emergence of new parties and coalition possibilities. The public&#8217;s response to these developments, informed by statements from political figures like Ramaphosa and analyses from experts like Lourenço, will shape the future of South Africa&#8217;s democracy and governance.



Reflecting on the 30th anniversary of democracy, this election is not just a procedural event but a moment of introspection for the nation. The ANC&#8217;s historical significance and its role in the anti-apartheid movement have afforded it a longstanding majority. However, the current political climate, characterized by public dissatisfaction with service delivery and economic challenges, suggests a potential reconfiguration of power dynamics.



Coalition governance, while a new concept at the national level, offers a glimpse into the possible future of South African politics. The experiences at the local government level, though mixed, highlight the complexities of shared governance. Analyst Lourenço emphasizes that while coalitions can introduce policy inertia, the ideological proximity of the ANC and DA may mitigate some governance risks. &#8220;The two largest parties in parliament – at the moment, and almost certainly after the upcoming elections – are the ANC and the DA, and ideologically they are very similar, which is a plus for overall stability in governance,&#8221; she explains.



Public statements from political leaders like Ramaphosa, urging democratic participation and peaceful campaigning, alongside analyses from experts, highlight the significance of these elections not just for governance but for the very fabric of South African democracy. &#8220;International experience shows that employees with critical skills contribute to improved productivity, enhanced innovation,&#8221; Ramaphosa noted in his newsletter, signaling the strategic importance of this electoral moment.



As South Africa stands at this crossroads, the 2024 elections offer a chance to reflect on the journey since the end of apartheid, evaluate the successes and shortcomings of the ANC&#8217;s governance, and decide on the path forward. The potential for coalition governments, the impact of new political parties, and the electorate&#8217;s response to current challenges will not only determine the immediate future of the country but also set the tone for South Africa&#8217;s democratic and governance landscape for years to come.

South African President Ramaphosa Briefs The Media On Voters Registration Weekend

South Africa’s Pivotal Polls: The Country Will Vote On May 29  

South African President Cyril Ramaphosa on Thursday night delivered his sixth annual State of the Nation Address (SONA) in Cape Town’s City Hall, taking a nostalgic approach to the event as part of commemorating 30 years of democracy, as well as addressing what is likely to be the most highly-contested general election the country has seen since democratic rule.



The occasion attracted intense scrutiny from opposition political parties, analysts, and commentators alike, as the country seeks to steer through severe socioeconomic and political challenges.



Ramaphosa&#8217;s address attempted to highlight the ruling African National Congress’ (ANC) critical role in South Africa&#8217;s progress post-apartheid. However, this endeavor revealed a profound disconnect between the government&#8217;s narrative and the lived realities of ordinary South Africans, according to some analysts, conflating the ruling ANC and the state. While the President highlighted key achievements such as the provision of housing and water to millions of people previously disenfranchized by the apartheid state, he acknowledged the challenges currently faced by the country, including “loadshedding, addressing the challenges in the logistics sector, tackling crime and corruption, and accelerating job creation” in his speech.



“Whenever Ramaphosa spoke about achievements, he conflated the party and the state – the &nbsp;highlighting figures that fought for democracy that were also part of the ANC, like Mandela and Tambo. But when he spoke about failures and challenges, he referred to the state,” says independent policy and risk analyst Marisa Lourenço to FORBES AFRICA. “This is typical of liberation movements-turned-ruling parties, which, at least in postcolonial Africa, draw their legitimacy from the past rather than the present, especially when their rule has overseen the decay of essential services, an energy crisis, and state capture.”



Critics of Ramaphosa’s address include both major opposition parties, with the Democratic Alliance (DA) condemning the address as “populist posturing and policy proposals, including the doubling down on state-centric policy and legislation and the arrogance of a president who is completely out of touch with ordinary South Africans,” according to a statement by the party’s leader John Steenhuisen.



Another leading opposition party, the Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF), saw all of its members boycott SONA after a court application to dismiss its leader Julius Malema’s suspension from Parliament was dismissed earlier that day, following his conviction of contempt of Parliament for storming the stage during Ramaphosa’s 2023 SONA delivery.



Lourenço continued her analysis of Ramaphosa’s conflation of the state and the ANC, stating, “Not only does it place the ANC at the center of all accomplishments, including the transition to democracy, but it also implies that without the ANC, South Africa would be a worse place to live – and actually, that the democratic freedoms enjoyed since 1994 could be stripped away. It transmits the idea that we have only just emerged from the other side – the apartheid era – and that our democracy is still quite tenuous. In this way, then, the only way to preserve democracy is to ensure that the party which fought for it remains in power for another five years.”



The ANC is facing the most realistic challenge to its rule since South Africa became a democracy in 1994, with recent polls indicating that the party may retain less than 40% of the public vote in the elections set to take place sometime this year. Gustavo de Carvalho, a Senior Researcher at the South African Institute of International Affairs, says that one key takeaway from SONA is that it sets the tone of the ANC’s approach to the upcoming elections. “It showcases a comparison between today and 1994,” he tells FORBES AFRICA. “It&#8217;s clear that it is not only about commemorating the 30th anniversary of democracy but also about controlling the narrative that the ANC in this current administration has not improved as much as expected in terms of the economy and many of the social indicators.”



De Carvalho also notes that the fact that a date for the election has not yet been announced might indicate that the ANC is doing its best to make as much of the electioneering time available. “And I think for the ANC at this stage, the stalling of the dates for the elections provides them some time in terms of trying to shift certain narratives to regain some of the voters that have been under a lot of pressure and attention from other political parties.”



The run-up to the 2024 general election has seen the birth of multiple new political parties to add to the established opposition groups, with an ANC breakaway party being formed under former South African President Jacob Zuma in the form of the uMkhonto we Sizwe (MK) party, and Rise Mzansi as notable events, spawned out of severe dissatisfaction with the current political space and the ANC’s inability to resolve challenges such as wealth inequality, crime, and the electricity crisis.



While President Ramaphosa put forward many possible solutions to these challenges during his speech and cited historical achievements by the ANC as reasons to believe in a future under their governance, de Carvalho’s analysis is quite blunt. “On how effective the measures proposed by President Ramaphosa might be… do we believe in what he has to say?”



Lourenço concurs, reinforcing her earlier point about the language of the address ‘drawing legitimacy from the past rather than the present’, stating, “Ramaphosa spoke about better equipping law enforcement and also the importance of economic empowerment for women but didn’t mention the role that education plays in all of this. Improved access to education is not only absolutely vital in starting to close the gap between the rich and the poor in South Africa, going some way towards preventing at least some types of financially motivated crimes, but is also an area in which the government has absolutely failed in the post-apartheid era.”



President Ramaphosa’s SONA address comes at a time when South Africans are dealing with a multifaceted set of challenges, and while the ruling ANC has managed to deliver increased services and equality to many, they have reportedly failed to meet many of the promises made in democratic South Africa, with unemployment, infrastructural challenges, and crime becoming a scourge on society. The rise of new political movements, as well as President Ramaphosa&#8217;s nostalgic callback to the ANC&#8217;s achievements and deflection of criticisms, has led analysts to be critical of the address. However, one thing is certain: the election year ahead is likely to be hotly-contested and fraught with high stakes, signifying a critical juncture for South Africa&#8217;s democracy.

South African President Ramaphosa Delivers 2024 State Of The Nation Address.

Analyzing Ramaphosa’s State Of The Nation Address Amidst South Africa’s Socioeconomic Challenges

In a landmark move, Tanzania marked its first participation at the Mining Indaba, being held from February 5-8 in Cape Town, South Africa. This year&#8217;s event, the 30th edition of the conference, with the theme Embracing the power of positive disruption: A bold new future for African mining, focuses on the need for adaptation in the African mining sector in light of technological advancements and environmental concerns​​.



The Tanzanian delegation, comprising both government and private sector representatives, arrived with a clear message, encapsulated in their chosen theme: Advancing mining investment to accelerate prosperity. This move aligns with the Tanzanian government&#8217;s Vision 2030, aiming to intensify geoscientific surveys to tap into the nation&#8217;s rich mineral resources​.



​​​Anthony Mavunde, Tanzania&#8217;s Minister of Minerals, emphasized the vision at the indaba, presenting the government&#8217;s strategy to not only boost investment and economic growth but also focus on sustainable and responsible mining practices. &#8220;Our vision isn’t simply to dig up minerals, it’s to ignite the engines of prosperity,&#8221; Mavunde declared, underscoring a shift from traditional mining practices to a more sustainable and economically beneficial approach.



Tanzania&#8217;s participation in the conference is seen as a crucial step towards redefining the African narrative of mining, which has often been plagued by issues of environmental degradation and exploitation.



Key issues discussed at the conference included the role of Africa in supplying critical minerals for global electronic and automotive industries and innovative approaches to spur mining sector investment and employment. These discussions are particularly relevant for Tanzania, given its abundant reserves of critical minerals like nickel, rare earths, and graphite​​.



However, the path to mining prosperity is not without its challenges. The conference provided a platform for Tanzania to address hurdles impeding investment, such as taxation concerns and the need for equitable sharing of project returns. The government&#8217;s commitment to facilitating a conducive investment environment was evident, as noted by Kheri Mahimbali, Permanent Secretary at the Ministry of Minerals, who confirmed Tanzania&#8217;s dedication to responsible mining practices​​.



Tanzania&#8217;s debut symbolizes more than just participation; it represents the country&#8217;s commitment to playing a key role in the future of African mining.

Author: Yeshiel Panchia

FORBES AFRICA SOCIAL MEDIA