As traditional banking remains out of reach for many still unbanked and underserved In Africa, is Cryptocurrency slowly beginning to take a share of African wallets. 



The continent is anticipated to reach $2.9 billion in cryptocurrency revenue this year, and this growth is only going to grow exponentially as crypto becomes increasingly relevant to a digital-savvy population that’s distrustful of traditional banking services. In 2022, the World Bank reported that well over 50% of adults in 16 economies across 36 surveyed have a bank account. While account ownership has increased, the continent remains a financial playground where innovative solutions and transformative approaches to money management flourish.



Mobile money, says the World Bank, has redefined financial inclusion in countries like Kenya – M-PESA, for example, is the continent’s biggest success story and the lingo around its transactions has crept into local dialect.



And cryptocurrency, says the 2024 Geography of Crypto Report by Chainalysis, has equally found its footing in developing economies where millions opt into alternative banking and financial management solutions. The report found that sub-Saharan Africa is currently in the lead for decentralized finance (DeFi) adoption because people are craving accessible financial solutions and while the region only accounts for 2.7% of global cryptocurrency transaction volumes, Nigeria comes second in global cryptocurrency adoption while Ethiopia, Kenya and South Africa made the top 30. Middle East and North Africa (MENA) account for 7.5% of global transaction volumes and was the seventh largest crypto market in 2024.



In these markets where crypto opens up doors often held shut by traditional banking systems, these digital assets have evolved to become essential to economic survival. No longer just for use by wealthy investors exploring crypto’s potential on a digital playground, these currencies are being adopted by digital-savvy users from informal sectors who want to bank, invest and spend within a trusted and accessible ecosystem.



As Frank Leonette, Founder and CEO of AFRIDAX, tells FORBES AFRICA: “It’s not the white-collar individuals who are driving crypto, it’s people from informal sectors. They’re using their mobile devices to transact in crypto because the beauty of this technology is that it is peer-to-peer. It doesn’t need a bank or intermediaries. If I send you 10 bitcoins, you will receive them immediately on your device and it removes the barrier-to-entry significantly.”



Instead of proof of address – a challenge in most rural areas – and identification and other complex paperwork hurdles, crypto users can move into the market easily.



Leonette highlights how Zimbabwe was a superb example of how bitcoin transcended the challenges of local currency because it was so easily transactable in the country.



“Cryptocurrency also makes it easier to do cross-border transactions and send money home – users don’t have to pay the astronomical fees associated with legacy systems nor do they have to wait three to four days for money to clear. It’s an instantaneous transaction.”



Financial institutions are paying attention to this shift.



In South Africa, Auguste Claude-Nguetsop, Partner and Southern Africa Head of Financial Services at KPMG, tells FORBES AFRICA that digital banks like Bank Zero and TymeBank have evolved to meet the needs of the unbanked population, structuring their costs and services to deliver what these users need. However, he believes that while cryptocurrencies do lower the barrier to entry with regards to access, cost and borders, they aren’t that easy to use or understand.



“We have a growing digital banking sector which is now also experimenting with crypto, especially as it’s attractive to those looking for cross-border payments,” he explains. “However, the complexity of crypto makes it a barrier for a large part of that market.”



He’s right. Cryptocurrencies aren’t simple – there are multiple types, different levels of performance, an abundance of crypto exchanges and the increasing risks around fraud and cybersecurity.



Thomas Lobban, Tax Legal Specialist at Latita Africa, tells FORBES AFRICA that while the walls have come down regarding crypto and it has become increasingly easy to use and access, there are dangers, and it isn’t quite as useful as perhaps pundits would have you believe.



“People aren’t abandoning their bank accounts in favor of crypto because what you can purchase is still limited, even in areas that have a primarily informal economy they prefer cash, which has a tangible value to it in their hands, as opposed to crypto which is still volatile,” he says. “Where you’ve really seen an explosion of crypto is in places that have hyper-inflationary currencies. If your local currency isn’t going to hold its value between today or tomorrow, crypto becomes an incredibly attractive prospect.”



This is exactly one of the reasons why crypto has found its feet in countries like Zimbabwe and Turkey. According to Kaiko Research, Turkey’s inflation and currency devaluation alongside bitcoins growing value has led to the country’s rapid adoption of cryptocurrencies to offset this financial instability. These digital assets are being further enhanced by the fact that in 2024 there was a swathe of regulatory changes that have shifted the narrative around crypto. Standardized regulations and licensing are building more secure and trusted digital financial environments – South Africa was the first African nation to introduce licensing for crypto exchanges which, the Crypto Council for Innovation calls a “significant leap forward”.



Perhaps crypto’s expansion in Africa is less about the unbanked and more about finding smart ways of managing money across the financial solutions that best fit the environment. In Kenya, mobile money remains king, in Nigeria and Turkey, crypto is gaining significant traction, while in South Africa, regulations are placing crypto firmly in the investor space. That said, however, there are still challenges around regulations in Africa that are inhibiting uptake and that may yet put the brakes on the digital currency’s growth aspirations. As Claude-Nguetsop concludes: “Regulators are potentially not fully comfortable about the size of the risks and the instruments are not very liquid, but it’s worth noting that things are changing, and Africa isn’t left behind. The U.S., which is quite sophisticated, only allowed listings in January 2024. It will all be allowed on the continent; it’s just a matter of time because crypto is here to stay.”

Young Asian man managing finance and investment online, analyzing stock market trades with smartphone and laptop. Making financial plans. Banking and finance, investment, financial trading, mobile banking with technology concept

Africa’s Crypto Cred: Transacting With The Future

January 3, 2024, marked 16 years since the first Bitcoin block was mined by its pseudonymous creator, Satoshi Nakamoto. What began in 2009 as an experimental peer-to-peer digital currency has since grown into a financial powerhouse, boasting a market capitalization of over $2 trillion at its peak.



Bitcoin’s disruptive journey is defined by key moments, from its early association with online marketplaces like Silk Road to its 2024 high of $108,135, driven by the first-ever approval of spot Bitcoin ETFs in the United States. These ETFs, which attracted $21 billion in net flows in less than a year, solidified Bitcoin’s position as a mainstream asset.



The Rise of Digital Gold



Bitcoin’s evolution into “digital gold” has been a defining narrative, particularly in the aftermath of the 2020 pandemic. As central banks flooded markets with liquidity to counter economic fallout, Bitcoin emerged as a hedge against inflation, attracting retail and institutional investors alike.



Major corporations such as MicroStrategy and Tesla have since embraced Bitcoin, with the former amassing over 446,000 coins as of December 2024. These endorsements have underscored Bitcoin’s appeal not just as a speculative asset, but as a strategic reserve for companies seeking alternatives to fiat currencies.



Challenges Along the Way



Bitcoin’s meteoric rise has not been without its challenges. The “crypto winter” of 2022, triggered by the collapse of Terra-LUNA and the FTX exchange, saw Bitcoin’s price plummet below $20,000, shaking investor confidence. Scalability issues and high transaction fees during periods of peak demand remain key hurdles.



Moreover, the regulatory landscape continues to evolve. While some nations like El Salvador have embraced Bitcoin as legal tender, others remain skeptical, imposing restrictions or bans. The lack of clear global regulatory standards has created uncertainty for both investors and businesses operating in the cryptocurrency space.



Landmark Achievements in 2024



This past year was pivotal for Bitcoin. Apart from crossing the $100,000 mark for the first time, its inclusion in 401(k) retirement plans in the U.S. marked another milestone in mainstream adoption. Financial institutions like BlackRock and Fidelity have also entered the crypto market, signaling growing confidence in blockchain’s potential to revolutionize finance.



As Bitcoin enters its 17th year, its future appears as promising as it’s uncertain. The inauguration of crypto-friendly U.S. President Donald Trump in 2025 is expected to bolster market optimism, while advancements like the Lightning Network aim to address Bitcoin’s scalability issues.



What remains clear is Bitcoin’s enduring influence on global finance. From its fixed supply of 21 million coins to its decentralized nature, Bitcoin continues to challenge the traditional banking system and offer new possibilities for financial freedom.



As the world’s first cryptocurrency celebrates its 16th anniversary, its legacy is far from written. Bitcoin has not only weathered the storms of volatility but has also redefined how we perceive value and money in the digital age.

Ripple And Other Crypto Photo Illustrations

Bitcoin At 16: A Milestone For The World’s Most Disruptive Digital Asset

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-topline">Topline</h2>



Bitcoin set several new records throughout 2024 and eclipsed the six-digit threshold for the first time, leading the charge amid a broader crypto rally after Donald Trump’s election victory—but its milestone surge to $100,000 wasn’t even the most impressive outperformance of the market by a cryptocurrency in 2024, thanks to several altcoins and meme coins also rising dramatically.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-key-facts">Key Facts</h2>



Bitcoin—surging by 47% since Election Day—has added about $1.2 trillion to its market capitalization this year as of Dec. 19, surging by 130% to just over $102,000.



But it was Pepe, a token named for the meme frog linked to far-right groups, that was the top performer among coins with market capitalizations over $5 billion, gaining about 1,570%, according to CoinMarketCap.



SUI, the native token for Sui’s blockchain network, is the next best performer with a 509% gain, while dogecoin, a cryptocurrency touted by Elon Musk in recent years, outgained bitcoin with a 333% surge, during which the meme coin reached highs not seen since the pandemic.



The token used by Ripple, a digital asset firm cofounded by billionaires&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/profile/chris-larsen/">Chris Larsen</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/profile/jed-mccaleb/">Jed McCaleb</a>, similarly outpaced bitcoin this year as XRP jumped nearly 304%.



Stellar, used by the Stellar blockchain network, and Toncoin, the native cryptocurrency for a blockchain developed by Telegram, increased by 233% and 155%, respectively, trailing the Hedera network’s token, which grew about 248%.



Another Shiba Inu-inspired token, Shiba Inu, and Tronix’s cryptocurrency TRON just beat out bitcoin this year by climbing 150% and 155%, respectively.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-the-10-best-performing-cryptocurrencies-in-2024-market-cap-over-5-billion">The 10 Best-Performing Cryptocurrencies In 2024 (market Cap Over $5 Billion)</h2>



<ol class="wp-block-list">
<li>Pepe: up 1,570.7%, market capitalization $9 billion</li>



<li>SUI: up 509%, market cap $13.7 billion</li>



<li>Dogecoin: up 333.1%, market cap $56.9 billion</li>



<li>XRP: up 303.9%, market cap $142.3 billion</li>



<li>Hedera: up 247.7%, market cap $11.5 billion</li>



<li>Stellar: up 233.4%, market cap $12.9 billion</li>



<li>Toncoin: up 155.6%, market cap $14.6 billion</li>



<li>TRON: up 155.1%, market cap $23.7 billion</li>



<li>Shiba Inu: up 150.1%, market cap $15.2 billion</li>



<li>Bitcoin: up 135.9%, market cap $2 trillion</li>
</ol>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-how-much-did-the-crypto-market-grow-in-2024">How Much Did The Crypto Market Grow In 2024?</h2>



About $1.8 trillion was added to the global crypto market’s aggregate market value in 2024, surging from just below $1.8 trillion to $3.6 trillion as of Dec. 18,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.coingecko.com/en/global-charts" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">according</a>&nbsp;to CoinGecko. Bitcoin holds more than a majority of the market at 56.8% and accounted for roughly two-thirds of the overall market growth.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-what-are-meme-coins">What Are Meme Coins?</h2>



Meme coins are a form of cryptocurrency often tied to a viral internet joke, and their prices are often&nbsp;<a href="https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/investing/meme-coins" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">more volatile</a>&nbsp;than any other token because they react to moments in pop culture. Dogecoin&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/tylerroush/2024/11/13/dogecoin-jumps-toward-three-year-high-after-trump-announces-department-of-government-efficiency/">rose</a>&nbsp;in November after Trump announced Musk and former Republican presidential candidate Vivek Ramaswamy would lead the Department of Government Efficiency, whose acronymized name shares the name of the coin. Musk subsequently posted images of a “DOGE” logo and a Shiba Inu that appear to refer to dogecoin, which features the dog’s face. He previously embraced dogecoin on social media in 2021, sending the token to a peak of nearly $0.70, before Musk’s comment on “Saturday Night Live” that the coin was a “hustle” sent its price back down to just above $0.05. Altcoins, or cryptocurrencies viewed as an alternative to bitcoin, also tend to be more volatile as some analysts say the market has become&nbsp;<a href="https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/investing/what-are-altcoins" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">oversaturated</a>.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-how-did-trump-s-election-boost-crypto">How Did Trump’s Election Boost Crypto?</h2>



Trump was&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/tylerroush/2024/10/23/these-pro-crypto-billionaires-have-endorsed-trump-or-harris-as-election-day-nears/">backed by</a>&nbsp;several billionaires with ties to the cryptocurrency industry, including Gemini cofounders Tyler Winklevoss and Cameron Winklevoss and Ripple’s Larsen. Trump claimed he wanted the U.S. to become the “crypto capital of the planet” and has supported bitcoin mining. His election win sent bitcoin to new record highs as the token eclipsed the $80,000, $90,000 and $100,000 thresholds within a month of Election Day. Ethereum, the second-largest cryptocurrency by market cap ($418 billion) rose by 43% while adding more than $118 billion to its capitalization. In total, the global crypto market’s aggregate market value has increased by more than $1 trillion since Election Day, according to CoinGecko.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-key-background">Key Background</h2>



The crypto market reached new highs in 2024, beginning with the Securities and Exchange Commission <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/dereksaul/2024/01/10/sec-approves-spot-bitcoin-etfs-first-crypto-funds-of-kind/?sh=2ca4ef81417a">approving</a> the first bitcoin exchange-traded funds in the U.S. in January. Spot bitcoin ETFs allow investors to invest in the cryptocurrency without paying higher fees associated with buying the token directly on exchanges like Coinbase. That decision brought in about $15 billion in capital within the first five months, according to an analysis from Bernstein. Since then, the crypto market benefitted from becoming a focus of the recent presidential election, including Trump’s embrace of the industry despite his earlier criticism.

Bitcoin on digital circuit board and graph

Bitcoin Wasn’t Even The Best-Performing Cryptocurrency Of 2024—Despite Breaching $100,000

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-topline">TOPLINE</h2>



Set to occur on Saturday is the highly anticipated bitcoin halving event, a somewhat mysterious phenomenon that occurs every four years, which should theoretically provide a major tailwind to bitcoin prices flatlining in recent weeks.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-key-facts">KEY FACTS</h2>



The halving event refers to the 50% reduction in the new bitcoins available daily to digital miners who unlock tokens on the blockchain via a complex, energy-intensive process.&#8221;



Halving previously occurred in 2012, 2016 and 2020, and is programmed directly into the bitcoin ecosystem to occur every four years, with the fourth instance widely expected to come Saturday, or within a few days, cutting the amount of bitcoins available for mining each day from 900 to 450.



Between 19 million and 20 million bitcoins now exist, with only&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/digital-assets/article/the-21-million-question---is-bitcoin-supply-really-capped/?sh=16f31a4a7984">21 million</a>&nbsp;tokens ever programmed to exist, and halvings are designed to keep the supply of bitcoin limited, and maintaining the decentralized currency’s storage of value.



By lowering the supply, some expect the 2024 halving will drive demand for bitcoin, and therefore its price, which happened in the immediate aftermath of the three other events.



Bitcoin&nbsp;<a href="https://www.coindesk.com/learn/bitcoin-halving-explained/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">rose</a>&nbsp;8,069% in the 12 months after the 2012 halving, 284% following the 2016 halving and 559% after the 2020 halving.“It’s pretty much Economics 101” that bitcoin prices go up after halving, according to Sevens Report analyst Tom Essaye, who explained that so long as demand doesn’t decrease and new supply goes down, the “only thing left to move is price.”



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-contra">CONTRA</h2>



It’s far from a given that bitcoin demand will stay steady or increase, and three halving data points hardly make enough of a trend to definitively declare how bitcoin prices will behave during this halving cycle. It’s often hard to sift through the opinions of bitcoin revilers and zealots, but the former will tell you that bitcoin is already overvalued considering its limited use cases. But bitcoin’s ludicrous market-beating returns in recent years are hard for even the biggest pessimist to dismiss: The $61,000 per token bitcoin fetched Wednesday is roughly seven times its price at the 2020 halving, 90 times its 2016 level and 4,000 times its 2012 level.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-so-why-are-bitcoin-prices-down">SO WHY ARE BITCOIN PRICES DOWN?</h2>



Bitcoin is about 17% below its all-time high of $73,768 set last month, with Saturday’s flash&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/tylerroush/2024/04/13/bitcoin-plummets-after-iran-launches-attack-on-israel/?sh=14a5c6681f70">10% crash</a>&nbsp;as Iran launched a drone attack on Israel exemplifying the fragile nature of the rally. Bernstein analyst Gautam Chhugani explained to clients Wednesday that it’s actually “new demand catalysts” overlapping with prior halvings that helped drive price increases, explaining that the current cycle’s catalyst actually already happened: January’s approval of spot bitcoin exchange-traded funds, which unlocked billions of dollars of new capital into bitcoin and contributed most strongly to the positive price action, as bitcoin remains up nearly 300% dating back to the beginning of last year. Chhugani expects bitcoin to reach as high as $150,000 next year, a highly bullish forecast that is more than double even its all-time high.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-tangent">TANGENT</h2>



Halvings are likely a boon for bitcoin holders, but it’s a major challenge for miners, considering it quite literally halves their potential revenue stream – imagine if regulation allowed McDonald’s to sell Big Macs but no fries. Shares of CleanSpark (up 38%), Marathon Digital (down 36%) and Riot Platforms (down 48%), the three most prominent publicly traded American bitcoin miners, have all underperformed bitcoin this year, Chhugani noted, adding that the halving may actually be a good thing for investors as the pressure can lead to consolidation and more profitable companies.

Crypto in Tbilisi as Devotees Begin to Contemplate a Market Bottom

Bitcoin Halving: Here’s Why Some Expect Prices To Soar

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-topline">TOPLINE</h2>



A Binance executive detained in Nigeria last month escaped from custody over the weekend, as the West African country filed charges of tax evasion against the cryptocurrency exchange and some of its executives in the latest public scandal for the firm.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-key-facts">KEY FACTS</h2>



Binance executives Tigran Gambaryan, a U.S. citizen, and Nadeem Anjarwalla, British-Kenyan citizen, were both taken into custody in Nigeria in February but not charged with any crimes until Monday.



The executives and the crypto company were charged with alleged non-payment of value-added tax (VAT) and company income tax, failure to file tax returns, and complicity in assisting customers to evade taxes through its platform, Nigeria’s Federal Inland Revenue Service announced Monday, according to&nbsp;<a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-25/nigeria-announces-charges-against-binance-after-executive-flees" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">multiple</a>&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2024/03/25/binance-executive-escapes-nigerian-custody-as-authorities-file-new-tax-charges.html" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">outlets</a>.



The charges come days after Anjarwalla reportedly escaped from where he was being detained after guards watching him took him to a nearby mosque for prayers, The Premium Times, a Nigerian news outlet,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/680617-nigerian-govt-confirms-escape-of-binance-executive-arrests-personnel-guarding-him.html" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">reported</a>.



Nigeria is in talks with Interpol to get an international arrest warrant for Anjarwalla, Nigeria’s national security adviser&nbsp;<a href="https://www.reuters.com/technology/nigeria-files-tax-evasion-charges-against-binance-tax-agency-says-2024-03-25/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">told</a>&nbsp;Reuters.



Binance confirmed Anjarwalla was no longer in Nigerian custody.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-crucial-quote">CRUCIAL QUOTE</h2>



“Our primary focus remains on the safety of our employees and we are working collaboratively with Nigerian authorities to quickly resolve this issue,” Binance told Forbes in an email.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-key-background">KEY BACKGROUND</h2>



Gambaryan and Anjarwalla have been in Nigeria since Feb. 26 when they&nbsp;<a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/binance-executives-remain-detention-after-nigeria-court-appearance-families-say-2024-03-20/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">reportedly</a>&nbsp;arrived to discuss the country’s decision to ban some cryptocurrency trading websites, including Binance, Coinbase and Kraken. The office of the National Security Adviser in Nigeria detained the pair and seized their passports,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.ft.com/content/1507509b-7bbc-48a1-9828-d777036fff2b" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">according to</a>&nbsp;the Financial Times. Both of their families have since&nbsp;<a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/binance-executives-remain-detention-after-nigeria-court-appearance-families-say-2024-03-20/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">pleaded</a>&nbsp;with authorities to release the executives. Ahead of their detention, Olayemi Cardoso, Nigeria’s central bank governor,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.ft.com/content/1507509b-7bbc-48a1-9828-d777036fff2b" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">told</a>&nbsp;reporters in February officials were concerned about “illicit flows” going through a number of crypto platforms, according to the Financial Times. He went on to say that in one year, $26 billion passed through Binance Nigeria “from sources and users who we cannot adequately identify.” Days later, the Binance executives were detained. The concerns about crypto trading come as Nigeria struggled with currency devaluation. In the past year, the value of the Nigerian currency, the naira, has fallen 70%&nbsp;<a href="https://www.marketwatch.com/investing/currency/ngnusd" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">against</a>&nbsp;the U.S. dollar.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-tangent">TANGENT</h2>



The tax evasion charges and detentions follow high-profile problems Binance has faced in recent years. In November, Changpeng Zhao, the company’s founder, pleaded guilty to Justice Department charges of breaking anti-money laundering laws and violating sanctions and <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/tylerroush/2024/02/23/judge-approves-binances-43-billion-settlement-for-anti-money-laundering-sanctions-violations/?sh=9d34b8d44758">agreed</a> to pay more than $4.3 million in fines and restitutions for doing so. In June, the Securities and Exchange Commision <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/anafaguy/2023/06/05/sec-sues-binance-for-multiple-us-rule-violations/?sh=74a7467d7fcb">sued</a> Binance for operating an illegal exchange in the U.S. Months before that, in March, regulators <a href="https://www.cftc.gov/PressRoom/PressReleases/8680-23" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">alleged</a> that Binance and Zhao evaded Commodity Futures Trading Commission rules. The crypto company <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-06-06/us-probes-binance-over-token-that-is-now-world-s-fifth-largest" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">reportedly</a> remains under investigation from the SEC over whether the company illegally sold digital coins when it started out in 2017. Binance isn’t alone: other crypto firms, including Beaxy and Kraken, have also been hit with civil lawsuits recently as regulators crack down on the industry.<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/anafaguy/"></a>

In this photo illustration, the Binance logo is displayed on

Binance Executive Flees Nigerian Prison Amid New Charges

Metaverse Concept in the real city,  Futuristic digital design for Smart city and technology in the future

Exposing The Myth Of Decentralization

Two years ago, non-fungible tokens were sizzling hot, as art aficionados and speculators pushed blockchain-based images to $27 billion in value. Now that the market has crashed, a much less ambitious version of NFTs are finding a welcome home in the marketing departments of corporate America.



<abbr>I</abbr>n the first week of October, non-fungible token (NFT) trading fell to its lowest weekly level since 2020, according to data from TheBlock, with only $50 million worth of digital collectibles exchanged on secondary markets. It was a bleak month for NFTs, whose trading volume plummeted from a record $3.2 billion a week in 2022 as prices slid to fractions of their crypto-boom highs.



The tepid activity came two weeks before Nike planned to sell more than 30,000 pairs of its popular Dunks sneakers in a collection linked to NFTs, with an increasingly popular twist that allowed non-blockchain buyers to get in on the action. Unlike virtually all of the previous efforts, buyers could pay by credit card instead of using cryptocurrency, snagging a custom-sized pair of Dunks in one of three color combinations, white and blue, black and purple and black and red.



Appealing to its traditional youthful buyers worked out for Nike, with the sale bringing in $7 million, or an average of about $230 a pair, and each Dunk owner would own a digital version of the sneaker on the ethereum blockchain. It’s a release model that has proven to be a useful marketing maneuver—in August 2022 Nike offered a 10-piece leisure apparel collection through its CloneX NFT line. The Beaverton, Oregon company, famous for its long relationship with Michael Jordan, has been selling NFT-related apparel since December 2022, when it released the auto-lacing CryptoKicks iRL collection of sneakers. Pieces from that inaugural offering that sold for about&nbsp;<a href="https://etherscan.io/tx/0x85e587dd74fa74b6b2e9fed91cf7be33b58ba79b6052db978c16e83d84af2bf6" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">$900&nbsp;</a>can now fetch up to $3,000 on sneaker resale sites like&nbsp;<a href="https://stockx.com/nike-rtfkt-cryptokicks-irl-ice" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">StockX</a>.



The Dunk Genesis collection “was a huge success,” says Steven Vasilev, co-founder of NFT studio RTFKT (pronounced “Artifact”), which was purchased by Nike in December 2021. “Even though the market is still down, our products are still bringing in new people.”



Non-fungible tokens are created, bought and sold on blockchains, like cryptocurrencies such as bitcoin and ether. But while each currency’s tokens are alike, every NFT is unique and can be used to reward users with various perks or be linked to objects in the real world. They can also be traded on numerous secondary markets like OpenSea.



The NFT landscape has drastically shifted in the two years since the tokens became part of mainstream art and pop culture. Barely more than a year ago, CryptoPunks, a collection of thousands of pixelated head shots and the cartoon simians of Bored Ape Yacht Club commanded multi-million-dollar price tags at auction. Now, the most expensive rarely trade for over $100,000. NFTs selling for over $10 million disappeared last year and companies born out of NFT collections, like Rektguy and Bored Apes purveyor Yuga Labs, are struggling to pivot their business models away from&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/digital-assets/2023/09/17/requiem-for-royalties-nft-exchanges-abandon-recurring-compensation-for-artists/?sh=5574c80d65da">royalty payments&nbsp;</a>generated by secondary sales. The overall market shrank to $9.5 billion of revenue last year from $26.7 billion in 2022, according to&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cryptoslam.io/nftglobal?headerPeriod=all&amp;timeFrame=year" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">CryptoSlam.</a>&nbsp;Emerging from the aftermath of the NFT craze are major companies that are embracing the tokens as a cutting-edge marketing device, helping them get closer to existing customers and woo new ones.



<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-wither-nfts">Wither NFTs</h2>



Non-fungible token sales peaked in 2022 as digital images inscribed onto blockchains were at the center of pop culture. Two years later, sales are languishing.



<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>



“Where Nike serves athletes, we serve creators,” says Vasilev, who is a member of the Forbes 2023&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/profile/steven-vasilev/?sh=754795392b81">30 Under 30 Retail and E-Commerce&nbsp;</a>list. “We don’t like the word NFT,” he adds, “We believe it&#8217;s too technical and confuses a lot of customers. So we prefer to call them ‘digital collectibles.’”



<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>



Sneaker companies like&nbsp;Nike are at the forefront of NFTs’ second coming, but they are not alone.



While eking out meaningful revenue or profit is a long way off, Corporate America is finding useful ways to employ the unique blockchain-based tokens in their marketing arsenals.



Some companies like Nike are incorporating NFTs into their products, bringing virtual images to physical reality. Credit-card giant Mastercard, for example, partnered with crypto neobank Hi to allow NFT users to showcase their own NFTs on the plastic cards in their wallet.



“The card designs and cards you use for payment are a reflection of who you are,” says Christian Rau, head of Mastercard’s crypto and fintech operations in Europe when the partnership launched in October 2022. Digital art on a credit card “basically allows consumers to display a physical manifestation of an NFT they really care about.”



Beyond physical branding, others have included blockchain elements into existing marketing strategies. Coca-Cola added NFTs to its global Masterpiece advertising campaign in June, in which the company’s iconic red-and-black bottles were passed around by animated versions of well-known artworks like Edvard Munch’s “The Scream” and Vincent Van Gogh’s “Bedroom in Arles.” In August, the company launched a series of digital artworks on Coinbase’s Base blockchain that put combinations of the famous paintings and contemporary works onto its soda bottles in a series of digital images linked to NFTs. Coca-Cola’s&nbsp;<a href="https://www.coca-colacompany.com/media-center/coca-cola--masterpiece--collection-fetches-more-than--500-000-in" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">drop</a>&nbsp;brought in $543,000 from the sale of 80,000 tokens.



The virtual tactic taps into the existing markets of Coca-Cola superfans and vintage container collectors, some of whom are willing to spend up to&nbsp;<a href="https://www.coca-colacompany.com/about-us/history/collecting-coca-cola-bottles" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">$4,000 at auction</a>&nbsp;for the rarest bottles. Coke’s NFTs, in comparison, allowed collectors the chance to buy in for $25 worth of ether to collect at the time of August 2023 sale.



There are also companies that are using NFTs to breathe new life into their loyalty programs. Starbucks, for example, launched a test version of its Odyssey loyalty program in December 2022, giving a select group of users access to online games and quests that generate NFT rewards. The tokens offer holders exclusive programs, including bonus Starbucks stars (the company’s loyalty points), access to specialty drinks, online cocktail-making classes and vacations.



Rewards are already coming in for existing Odyssey members. The top 20 points holders as of January 2024 will be invited to go on an all-expense paid trip to Costa Rica, where Starbucks owns its only coffee farm, according to a post on X by Odyssey executive&nbsp;<a href="https://x.com/NFTbark/status/1740080645588889872?s=20" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Steve Kaczynski</a>.



Germany’s Lufthansa has taken a similar approach to loyalty, delivering commemorative NFTs for certain trips or destinations to users of the airline’s Uptrip platform, acting somewhat like digital stamps for passenger’s digital wallets. The service creates NFTs on the Polygon blockchain that can be&nbsp;<a href="https://lh-innovationhub.de/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/uptrip_pr_en.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">redeemed</a>&nbsp;for free in-flight WiFi, access to airport lounges and airline miles.



Technically, this kind of loyalty programs does not need to rely on blockchain technology to run, but using it could make the process cheaper, plus it gives Lufthansa&#8217;s customers the impression that the company embraces the latest tech. “Companies can have a lot of the tools of a loyalty program without having to build as much infrastructure,” says Paul Brody, global blockchain lead at consulting firm Ernst &amp; Young.



Because the goal of these collectibles is largely to keep users loyal to the issuing company, trading is discouraged, so you won&#8217;t see many of these NFTs racking up volume on marketplaces like OpenSea and Blur.



Still, Brody says, “it can turn out to be really great advertising…Your blockchain wallet is gonna become a bit like your public trophy case.”



The biggest hurdle companies may face in marketing– and expanding their markets–using NFTs may come from the nature of crypto assets. Getting hold of NFTs often includes adding browser extensions, obtaining a crypto wallet, creating lengthy passwords and transacting in digital currencies like ether, which can be daunting for the uninitiated.



That is part of the reason Nike’s Vasilev avoids the term NFT. It is also why RTFKT added an option to buy the physical sneaker first (without the NFT) using traditional credit card payment options instead of crypto. Doing so in the Dunk Genesis drop brought in new customers, Vasilev says, as 93% of buyers who bought the physical sneakers before the NFTs were first-time customers to RTFKT products. “We think this is a huge way to onboard new people,” he adds.



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Sneaker companies may&nbsp;represent the perfect marriage of NFT technology and brand marketing, in particular because top brands already cultivate young buyers via an active collectibles market. Following Nike, Adidas and Puma are launching their own blockchain-compatible collections.



German athleticwear giant Adidas has taken a combined physical and digital approach to using NFTs. In August, the company partnered with Japanese streetwear brand BAPE to release a limited 100-pair edition of virtual white sneakers that could be used to buy the physical counterpart. In partnership with MoonPay, a crypto payment platform, users bid on the 100 items for 72 hours, before collecting their digital pair. Each NFT was tradeable, but they could also be redeemed for Adidas’ Forum Low 84 sneakers in an exclusive Triple White color pattern for holders willing to burn, or destroy, the NFT. The highest bid for a single pair of sneakers was almost $4,000, according to&nbsp;<a href="https://etherscan.io/tx/0xce3e4c4da6d1835dd0730df56bba440843d2e68a56b43a6512f010d62d9cd378" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Etherscan</a>.



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<abbr>M</abbr>ost of Adidas’ NFT&nbsp;explorations have remained within the virtual walls of the metaverse, releasing goods on gaming platforms and participating in<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/mariagraciasantillanalinares/2023/04/02/as-a-list-designers-peddle-metaverse-merch-decentralands-fashion-week-makes-a-muted-return/">&nbsp;Metaverse Fashion Week&nbsp;</a>in 2023.



Puma has adapted strategies used by both of its rivals. After experimenting with made-to-order sneakers for physical versions of an NFT collection it released earlier in 2022, it pivoted to first selling tokens that could be redeemed for a limited editions version of an existing running shoe called Fast-RB. For now, however, it is focusing on uses for its Puma Pass, a token that gives users early access to more NFT collections and on digital wearables to be used on gaming platforms.



“Just creating a profile picture collection or a loyalty program is low-hanging fruit,” says Ivan Dashkov, head of emerging technologies at Puma, who sees creativity as the key to blockchain success. “You really need to think of new, novel ways to use [blockchain] technology to reach, to interact with your customer.”



The use of NFTs as a marketing tool is still in its infancy. Almost no existing corporate marketing program has taken steps to implement permanent NFT programs, says Brody.



The emphasis is on experimentation and consumer use and, as trading on once-sizzling hot marketplaces like OpenSea continues to languish, no one is talking about the secondary market for NFTs.



Says Brody, “We&#8217;re headed for a future that is more and more NFTs as souvenirs and as public trophies and not as transferrable financial assets.”

BRITAIN-BLOCKCHAIN-NFT-TOKENS

Forget BoredApes And CryptoPunks, NFTs Are Making A Corporate Comeback

Nigeria has eased its stringent stance on cryptocurrency transactions, introducing guidelines to govern operations after two years.



The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) recently released comprehensive guidelines to govern the operations of bank accounts for Virtual Assets Service Providers (VASPs), signaling the end of a two-year ban on cryptocurrency transactions. This information is detailed in a circular titled Guidelines on Operations of Bank Accounts for Virtual Assets Service Providers, issued by Haruna B. Mustafa, Director of the Financial Policy and Regulation Department at the CBN.



While the ban lasted, Nigerians defied the odds with the volume of crypto transactions in Nigeria growing 9% year-over-year to $56.7 billion between July 2022 and June 2023, according to New York-based blockchain research firm Chainalysis in a September report. Nigeria is also reported to have the highest peer-to-peer (P2P) exchange volume, according to the 2023 Geography of Cryptocurrency Report. A recent study from KuCoin found that 35% of Nigerians aged between 18 and 60 are investing or trading bitcoin or other cryptocurrencies.



In February 2021, the CBN initially imposed restrictions on banks and financial institutions, preventing them from engaging with cryptocurrency service providers reportedly due to concerns related to money laundering and terrorism financing risks.



In the latest circular, the CBN acknowledges global trends indicating the need to regulate the activities of VASPs, including cryptocurrencies and crypto assets. &#8220;Following this development, the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) in 2018 also updated its Recommendation 15 to require VASPS to be regulated to prevent misuse of virtual assets for ML/TF/PF.&#8221;



&#8220;Furthermore, Section 30 of the Money Laundering (Prevention and Prohibition) Act, 2022 recognizes VASPs as part of the definition of a financial institution. In addition, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in May 2022 issued Rules on Issuance, Offering and Custody of Digital Assets and VASPS to provide a regulatory framework for their operations in Nigeria,&#8221; adds the CBN.



In response to these developments, the CBN explained that it issued the new guidelines to provide clear directives to financial institutions under its regulatory purview regarding their banking relationships with VASPs in Nigeria.



The guidelines supersede previous circulars. However, it emphasizes that &#8220;banks and other financial institutions are still prohibited from holding, trading, and/or transacting in virtual currencies on their own account&#8221;.



The directive concludes with a firm call to action, stating, &#8220;Accordingly, all banks and other financial institutions are hereby required to immediately comply with the provisions of the Guidelines.&#8221;



Nigerian analyst, Kolawole Oyebola, expresses his views on the CBN&#8217;s decision, highlighting the positive implications for the burgeoning cryptocurrency market in the country. Oyebola commends the regulatory clarity provided by the comprehensive guidelines, stating that it will instill confidence among investors and industry players.



&#8220;This move by the CBN is a welcomed and long-awaited step in the right direction. The comprehensive guidelines not only signal a pragmatic approach to regulating the cryptocurrency space but also demonstrate the recognition of the importance of digital assets in the evolving global financial landscape,&#8221; Oyebola tells FORBES AFRICA.



The CBN&#8217;s ban, during its implementation period, had raised concerns within the cryptocurrency community and sparked debates about the future of digital currencies in Nigeria. Analysts had been vocal about the need for a balanced regulatory framework that encourages innovation while addressing potential risks associated with cryptocurrencies.



&#8220;Now that the ban has been lifted, we can anticipate increased interest and participation in the cryptocurrency market. The guidelines provide a roadmap for both VASPs and investors, promoting transparency and accountability,&#8221; Oyebola adds.



Already, pan-African cryptocurrency trading platform, Yellow Card, is exploring opportunities to capitalize on its first-mover advantage by pursuing licensing.



While Oyebola opines that challenges may persist, noting the need for continuous dialogue between regulators and industry stakeholders, he remains optimistic about the future of cryptocurrency in Nigeria.



&#8220;The CBN&#8217;s decision to lift the ban and introduce comprehensive guidelines reflects a proactive stance that could pave the way for a more robust and inclusive digital financial ecosystem in the country.&#8221;

Cryptocurrency Mining In Africa As Poor Sheperdherder Proves A Point

Nigeria Resumes Cryptocurrency Transactions With New Guidelines For VASPs

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-topline">TOPLINE</h2>



The price of Bitcoin fell below $26,000 Thursday—its lowest level since June—amid a broader crypto market slump after the&nbsp;Wall Street Journal&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wsj.com/tech/behind-the-curtain-of-elon-musks-secretive-spacex-revenue-growth-and-rising-costs-2c828e2b?mod=hp_lead_pos5" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">reported</a>&nbsp;that SpaceX has taken a significant write-down on its Bitcoin holdings and sold the cryptocurrency.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-key-facts">KEY FACTS</h2>



The price of the world’s most valuable cryptocurrency stood at $26,400 early on Friday, down nearly 8% in the previous 24 hours and 10% compared to last week.



Earlier on Thursday evening, the price of Bitcoin had dropped even lower, to around $25,400 before a slight recovery.



Ether, the world’s second-largest cryptocurrency, also took a similar hit and fell to $1,680—down 6.6% in the previous 24 hours.



Other major tokens like Binance’s BNB, Cardano and Solana are also down more than 6%



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-big-number">BIG NUMBER</h2>



16%. That’s how much the price of Ripple’s XRP token has fallen in the past 24 hours, significantly worse than all other major cryptocurrencies. XRP’s steeper fall is a result of a federal judge’s&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/stock-market-today-dow-jones-08-17-2023/card/judge-in-sec-ripple-case-opens-path-to-partial-appeal-after-july-ruling-Qj9YAsJsOP72ufpmQfCx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">decision</a>&nbsp;on Thursday to allow the SEC to partially appeal a&nbsp;<a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/newsletters/2023-07-13/what-does-ripple-xrp-ruling-in-sec-case-mean-for-crypto" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">ruling</a>&nbsp;in its case against Ripple.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-key-background">KEY BACKGROUND</h2>



Thursday evening’s crypto selloff began after the&nbsp;Wall Street Journal&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wsj.com/tech/behind-the-curtain-of-elon-musks-secretive-spacex-revenue-growth-and-rising-costs-2c828e2b?mod=hp_lead_pos5" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">reported</a>&nbsp;that Elon Musk’s SpaceX wrote down the value of its bitcoin holdings by a total of $373 million in the previous two calendar years. The company has also sold off its crypto holdings, the report added, although it is unclear when this sale happened. Musk and his companies have been a key mover of cryptocurrency prices, with the market often seeing significant movement based on the billionaire’s tweets. However, the SpaceX selloff follows a similar move by Musk’s other company, Tesla, which&nbsp;<a href="https://tesla-cdn.thron.com/static/EIUQEC_2022_Q2_Quarterly_Update_Deck_J8VLIK.pdf?xseo=&amp;amp;response-content-disposition=inline%3Bfilename%3D%22tsla-q2-22-update.pdf%22" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">disclosed in an earnings report last year</a>&nbsp;that it had sold 75% of its Bitcoin holdings.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-further-reading">FURTHER READING</h2>



<a href="https://www.wsj.com/tech/behind-the-curtain-of-elon-musks-secretive-spacex-revenue-growth-and-rising-costs-2c828e2b?mod=hp_lead_pos5" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Rare Look Into the Finances of Elon Musk’s Secretive SpaceX</a>&nbsp;(Wall Street Journal)



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By signing up, you accept and agree to our&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/terms-and-conditions" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Terms of Service</a>&nbsp;(including the class action waiver and arbitration provisions), and&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/privacy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Privacy Statement</a>.



<a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-08-18/bitcoin-plunge-spurs-liquidations-as-spacex-s-token-sale-weighs?srnd=premium" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Bitcoin Plunge Spurs Liquidations as SpaceX’s Token Sale Weighs</a> (Bloomberg)

Bitcoin Drops To Lowest Level Since June Amid Wider Crypto Sell-Off

Exploring the emerging trend of using cryptocurrency as a hedge against inflation, highlighting real-world applications and driving economic growth in South Africa.



Cryptocurrencies have had a tumultuous history, often marred by speculation and fraudulent activities. However, the recent decline in public interest has allowed for more realistic applications to emerge, along with appropriate regulation. This maturation of the crypto space has led to an exploration of cryptocurrencies as a potential hedge against inflation.



Ahren Posthumus, CEO of Momint, a tech startup based in Cape Town, believes the reduction in hype has allowed for a focus on real-world projects that are auditable and have a real background. &#8220;We&#8217;re seeing this [crypto as a hedge against inflation] quite a lot&#8230; But not only is it being used as a hedge, it’s also being used as a mechanism to drive the bottom line and solve real problems that South Africa is facing right now,” he says to FORBES AFRICA.



Another notable advantage of cryptocurrency as a hedge against inflation is stablecoins. Since stablecoins are backed by the US dollar, owning them is equivalent to saving in dollars. Storing funds in USDT or earning in other stable tokens like USDC can help keep finances protected from devaluation.



According to Peter Mureu, Marketing Director at Yellow Card, “The rand has dramatically lost its value over the past decade. From ZAR10 for $1 in 2010 to almost ZAR20 for the same amount now, the purchasing ability of the rand has nearly been cut in half. Investing in crypto, especially USDT will allow for that risk to be halved and increase the ability to purchase alternative power sources to deal with the current power issues/load-shedding. For those earning in USDT, even the lack of power is an easily surmountable problem because the USDT is constantly appreciating regardless of the state of the rand.”



One such problem is South Africa’s current energy crisis. The combination of large tax rebates for investments in renewable energy, coupled with platforms such as Momint, has seen large growth in realistic applications for cryptocurrencies. “Our tokenized, fractionalized solar investments qualify for Section 12 rebates… this is massive,” continues Posthumus.



Lerato Lamola, consultant and crypto specialist at Webber Wentzel, notes that South Africa’s legislative process seems to be in line with this, with the country classifying crypto as a financial product rather than a security. This allows crypto to be managed more easily within the framework of existing financial instruments.



“South Africa is really focusing on the man in the street,” says Lamola. “South Africa is now focusing more on how crypto is impacting retail consumers.”



Cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology are emerging as potent tools for socio-economic development in Africa, particularly South Africa. By facilitating low-cost remittances and microloans, they&#8217;re creating meaningful changes that uplift the economy.



Posthumus sees the burgeoning sector as a vehicle for innovation and economic growth, asserting that cryptocurrencies could engender a more equitable financial system by enabling secure and cost-effective transactions.



In Africa, cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology are no longer theoretical concepts; they have become practical tools driving tangible change. Platforms such as Momint are already realizing this – one such example is the ability for users to fractionally invest in renewable energy projects, allowing investors to generate returns, take advantage of renewable investment tax breaks, and invest in sustainable development.



Cryptocurrencies in South Africa and Africa are increasingly seen as more than just volatile investments, but as powerful tools.



&#8220;The biggest thing for us is about having a product that people can use and understand. It’s about education, and we need to be building that trust with the consumer,” adds Posthumus.

Crypto As Inflation Hedge: South Africa’s Innovative Approach To Digital Assets

Business fund investor planning for investment in crisis

Crypto Winter Watch: All The Big Layoffs, Record Withdrawals And Bankruptcies Sparked By The $2 Trillion Crash

An upcoming Christie’s auction has collectors starry-eyed:&nbsp;<a href="https://onlineonly.christies.com/s/deep-impact-martian-lunar-other-rare-meteorites/lots/2134" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Deep Impact</a>, featuring 65 of the rarest meteorites to ever hit Earth runs until February 23—and prices are expected to be astronomical. The only non-meteorite, the Aguas Zarcas Doghouse, which was struck by Carbonaceous chondrite rock in April 2019 (and just barely missed hitting its resident, a German shepherd named Roky) has a pre-sale estimate of $200,000 to $300,000.&nbsp;



Meteorites and other extraterrestrial objects have always attracted the attentions of Earthly stars—Elon Musk, Steven Spielberg and Nicolas Cage are reportedly collectors—but now a growing number of crypto investors are entering the market.



“Last year, a lot of people were cashing out of crypto and going into meteorites,” says Christie’s specialist James Hyslop, head of the Scientific Instruments, Globes &amp; Natural History department. A February 2021 Deep Impact sale became the most successful meteorite auction ever, according to Christie’s, with all lots selling—and 72 out of 75 going for above their high estimate.



“These really appeal to anyone who has looked up to the night sky in awe,” he adds. “There are museums buying, there are collectors, but we also have clients that are bidding in antiquity sales, post-modern art&#8230;The fascination of these objects really is universal.”&nbsp;



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://imageio.forbes.com/specials-images/imageserve/620d2bad4bc024874b14ade6/meteorite3/960x0.jpg?fit=bounds&amp;format=jpg&amp;width=960" alt="meteorite3" width="627" height="269"/><figcaption>The Deep Impact auction features such hard-to-find treasures as a Gibeon &#8220;sculpture,&#8221; a carbonaceous&nbsp;&#8230; [+]&nbsp;CHRISTIE&#8217;S</figcaption></figure></div>



With many lots listed with no reserve, meteorite auctions typically draw a much younger, more international crowd than an average Christie’s sale. There is also a more even gender balance. According to the auction house, 73 percent of last year’s bidders were first-timers.



Part of the rocks’ appeal is in their rarity. “If you took all the meteorites on earth and put them on a scale, it would weigh less than the annual output of gold,” said Hyslop. Once sold, they’re often kept private: Of the 64,000 meteorites in the world’s collections, <a href="https://www.christies.com/features/A-collectors-guide-to-meteorites-8231-1.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">it’s estimated</a> about two-thirds will never be available to the general public.



Values are calculated from previous sales, as well as a meteorite’s size, shape, scientific makeup and story, says Hyslop. And while stunning specimens such as&nbsp;<a href="https://onlineonly.christies.com/s/deep-impact-martian-lunar-other-rare-meteorites/gibeon-meteorite-singular-exotic-sculpture-outer-space-62/142846?ldp_breadcrumb=back" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Lot 62</a>, a Gibeon meteorite, which he likens to a Henry Moore sculpture, are likely to draw the eyes of museums and private investors alike, it’s the doghouse that’s drawing much of the attention in next week’s sale.&nbsp;



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="alignleft is-resized"><img decoding="async" src="https://imageio.forbes.com/specials-images/imageserve/620d266e2e9c9b8442f05d4f/66744894-JPEG-large/960x0.jpg?fit=bounds&amp;format=jpg&amp;width=960" alt="66744894_JPEG large" width="-361" height="-420"/><figcaption> CHRISTIE&#8217;S</figcaption></figure></div>



While the current bid is well below the $300,000 estimate—it’s at a down-to-earth $1,600—the price is expected to soar. The actual meteorite that struck Roky’s home is also up for auction. It has a pre-sale estimate of $40,000 to $60,000 and the current bid is $2,200.



Star-crossed items such as this are rare, which makes them lucrative:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.bonhams.com/auctions/15648/lot/15/?category=list" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A mailbox from Claxton, Georgia</a>, sold for $83,000 in 2007 thanks to the meteoric damage it sustained in 1984. And a&nbsp;<a href="https://meteoritecar.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">1980 Chevy Malibu</a>&nbsp;with a crater in its trunk from the 4.4 billion-year-old, 26-pound meteorite that smashed into it in 1992 turned into quite the investment: The owner sold the car, originally purchased from her grandmother for around $400, for $69,000 after the collision—and in 2010 it went for $230,000.&nbsp;



“Despite our huge imprint on the planet, manmade structures are a pretty small target for a meteorite falling from space,” says Hyslop. “There are only a handful of objects impacted by these falling rocks that are available to collectors.”



By Isabel Lord, Forbes Staff

Screenshot 2022-03-07 at 15.34.39

Meteorite Auction Prices Skyrocket Thanks To Crypto—Including A $300,000 Dog House

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-topline">TOPLINE</h2>



In the latest example of Netflix quickly pouncing on a true-crime tale, the company said Friday it had ordered a docuseries on alleged cryptocurrency launderers Ilya “Dutch” Lichtenstein and Heather Morgan—who only came to public attention with their arrest Tuesday.&nbsp;



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-1231249886.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-52704" srcset="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-1231249886.jpg 1024w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-1231249886-300x200.jpg 300w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-1231249886-768x512.jpg 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption>BRAZIL &#8211; 2021/02/18: In this photo illustration the Netflix logo seen displayed on a smartphone screen. (Photo Illustration by Rafael Henrique/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images)</figcaption></figure>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="key-facts">KEY FACTS</h2>



Lichtenstein and Morgan–the latter of whom has attracted attention as much for her awkward rap videos as their alleged crimes– have been accused by federal prosecutors of attempting to launder $4.5 billion in bitcoin, $3.6 billion of which was recovered in what the Department of Justice says was its largest financial seizure ever.&nbsp;



While Netflix and other streaming services have been churning out more ripped-from-the-headlines “insta-docs” and reality content for years, the pandemic gave the trend&nbsp;<a href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/coronavirus-tiger-king-reality-producers-double-down-docuseries-1288063/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">more impetus</a>: viewers were stuck at home with nothing to do but watch TV and producers could make use of archival footage instead of risking their health to shoot something new.&nbsp;



Last week Netflix put out&nbsp;The Tinder Swindler, a documentary about a man who was arrested in 2015 for allegedly defrauding women he met on dating apps of money, and this month will also release documentaries about Bubba Wallace’s 2021 NASCAR season and the 2018 and 2019 Boeing Max 737 crashes.&nbsp;



Friday the scripted series&nbsp;Inventing Anna&nbsp;premiered on Netflix, Shonda Rhimes’ fictional take on the real story of Anna Sorokin, a woman who pretended to be a Germain heiress and was&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnn.com/2019/04/25/us/anna-sorokin-found-guilty/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">found guilty</a>&nbsp;in 2019 of stealing over $200,000 from banks and people she socialized with.



Last year, several documentaries were released about recent scandals, including the downfall of WeWork, the college admissions scandal, and Rudy Giuliani’s Four Seasons and Total Landscaping post-election mistake.&nbsp;



The Crypto Couple docuseries will be directed and executive produced by Chris Smith, who was behind Netflix true-crime hits&nbsp;Fyre: The Greatest Party That Never Happened&nbsp;and&nbsp;Tiger King, and will also be executive produced by Nick Bilton, of&nbsp;HBO’s The Inventor: Out for Blood in Silicon Valley—works that made&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/aaronkwittken/2019/01/22/catching-fyre-what-marketers-can-learn-from-mini-madoff-mcfarland/?sh=3a41b2c26140">Billy McFarland</a>,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/lisakim/2022/01/28/tiger-king-star-joe-exotic-resentenced-to-21-years-in-prison-for-murder-for-hire-plot-one-year-less-than-original-term/?sh=6f92178d59c0">Joe Exotic</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/marisadellatto/2022/01/03/elizabeth-holmes-found-guilty-on-wire-fraud-charges/?sh=6ab26e6f46b6">Elizabeth Holmes</a>&nbsp;household names.&nbsp;



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="key-background">KEY BACKGROUND</h2>



Since the success of Netflix’s 2015 hit&nbsp;Making A Murderer, the platform and other streaming services have ramped up production of true-crime documentaries, docuseries and fictional spinoffs of real-world stories. In 2016,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/netflix-is-a-documentary-powerhouse-heres-why-2017-3#" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">68 million people</a>&nbsp;watched documentaries on Netflix, and 73% of their subscribers watched at least one. After being released at the onset of the pandemic,&nbsp;Tiger King&nbsp;became the most popular show on the streaming services in 2020. Netflix is one of the biggest buyers in the world of unscripted TV programming,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-11-11/netflix-hbo-amazon-buying-up-reality-tv-shows-for-streaming-services" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Bloomberg</a>&nbsp;reported in November. And as pop culture remains fixated on true crime and scammers, there is no sign the streamer plans to slow down.&nbsp;



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="tangent">TANGENT</h2>



Lichtenstein and Morgan, a married couple living in New York City, were charged with conspiracy to commit money laundering and and conspiracy to defraud the United States for attempting to launder billions of dollars worth of Bitcoin that was stolen during a 2016 Bitfinex hack, though they haven’t been charged over the hack itself. The couple worked their way into entrepreneur and tech circles, with Morgan writing as a contributor&nbsp; for Forbes.com on business and entrepreneurship, until she was cut in September 2021. The government alleged the couple used fake identities and other &#8220;sophisticated laundering techniques&#8221; to launder the cryptocurrency. As news of their arrest and the seizure broke, Morgan’s odd rap videos posted on YouTube&nbsp; under the stage name Razzlekhan became an object of fascination. A lawyer for the couple&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2022/02/10/frozen-embryos-will-keep-accused-bitcoin-money-launderers-from-fleeing.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">said</a>&nbsp;in a court filing Thursday that Lichtenstein and Morgan would not flee the U.S. if allowed on bail because the couple has frozen embryos in a NYC hospital and wouldn’t want to jeopardize “access to their ability to have children.”



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="further-reading">FURTHER READING</h2>



<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/jonathanponciano/2022/02/08/feds-seize-36-billion-in-stolen-bitcoin-arrest-couple-five-years-after-massive-crypto-exchange-hack/?sh=3e4163b97c95">Feds Seize $3.6 Billion In Stolen Bitcoin, Arrest Couple Five Years After Massive Crypto Exchange Hack&nbsp;</a>(Forbes)&nbsp;



<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidjeans/2022/02/09/heather-morgan-ilya-lichtenstein-bitcoin-seizure/?sh=30bab60a1ea2">How The Crypto Couple Went From Wannabe Tech Luminaries To Targets In The Biggest Financial Seizure In Justice Department History</a>&nbsp;(Forbes)&nbsp;



<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/cyrusfarivar/2022/02/10/heather-morgan-ilya-lichtenstein-cat-bitcoin-raid/?sh=c64b9e7405a0">Hollowed-Out Books, Fake Passports And Burner Phones: What Led To The Feds’ Raid On The Crypto Couple</a>&nbsp;(Forbes)



By Marisa Dellatto, Forbes Staff

In this photo illustration the Netflix logo seen displayed

Netflix Orders Series On Crypto Couple Only Three Days After They Came To Fame, Highlighting Rise Of ‘Insta-Doc’

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-topline">TOPLINE</h2>



Digital assets firm Jump Crypto said Thursday it replaced the $325 million worth of tokens allegedly stolen from its portfolio company Wormhole Portal, a platform that helps users transfer cryptocurrency between the Solana and Ethereum blockchains, in one of the biggest hacks ever to hit the booming—and largely unregulated—decentralized finance space.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="key-facts">KEY FACTS</h2>



Jump Crypto, the cryptocurrency-focused investment arm of quant trading firm Jump Trading, which has&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/rebeccaszkutak/2021/09/14/jump-capital-raises-350-million-and-doubles-down-on-crypto/?sh=68875db226de">raised</a>&nbsp;more than $700 million in capital,&nbsp;<a href="https://twitter.com/JumpCryptoHQ/status/1489301013408497666" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">tweeted</a>&nbsp;Thursday afternoon that it had &#8220;replaced&#8221; 120,000 stolen Ethereum-based tokens &#8220;to make community members whole&#8221; and support Wormhole but provided no further details about the bailout.



Jump&#8217;s tweet came hours after blockchain platform Wormhole, which launched last August and holds roughly $1 billion in deposited funds,&nbsp;<a href="https://twitter.com/wormholecrypto/status/1489232008521859079?s=20&amp;t=IYFEdB9yWoO4mM2okL7SgQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">confirmed</a>&nbsp;on Twitter that funds involved in the hack had been &#8220;restored,&#8221; and said on Telegram that &#8220;all funds are safe.&#8221;



Wormhole previously notified users of a possible hack on Twitter at about 4 p.m. ET Wednesday,&nbsp;<a href="https://twitter.com/wormholecrypto/status/1488976115750383626?s=20&amp;t=Iw5TGKo9Cp8f6gfWDIqPUA" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">saying</a>&nbsp;its network was down for maintenance as the firm looked into a potential attack.



About an hour later, Wormhole&nbsp;<a href="https://twitter.com/wormholecrypto/status/1489001949881978883?s=20&amp;t=Iw5TGKo9Cp8f6gfWDIqPUA" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">said</a>&nbsp;its network had been exploited and claimed about 120,000 tokens of a cryptocurrency known as wrapped ether, which tracks the value of the world&#8217;s second-largest cryptocurrency, ether, had been stolen—representing some $325 million in value.



In a message embedded onto the Ethereum blockchain, Wormhole offered the attacker a $10 million bounty to return the funds,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.elliptic.co/blog/325-million-stolen-from-wormhole-defi-service" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">according</a>&nbsp;to blockchain analytics company Elliptic, which called the Wednesday incident the fourth largest cryptocurrency hack ever.



Soon after the heist, analysts at blockchain security firm CertiK said the hack represented the largest-ever attack on the Solana network and an &#8220;unfortunate reality&#8221; for the booming decentralized finance space, which has heated up among investors alongside the broader cryptocurrency industry over the past year, despite a growing number of similar hacks.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="crucial-quote">CRUCIAL QUOTE</h2>



&#8220;[Jump] believes in a multichain future and that @WormholeCrypto is essential infrastructure,&#8221; Jump, which&nbsp;<a href="https://thefullfx.com/jump-trading-buys-certus-one/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">acquired</a>&nbsp;Wormhole&#8217;s parent company for an undisclosed amount in August, tweeted Thursday, referring to the type of protocol Wormhole uses to allow users to swap tokens between different blockchains. &#8220;That’s why we replaced 120k ETH to make community members whole and support Wormhole now as it continues to develop.&#8221;



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="tangent">TANGENT</h2>



Even though the space only started gaining traction in 2020, there have been more than $2 billion in direct losses suffered by decentralized finance services due to hacks and exploits, according to Elliptic on Wednesday. In August, hackers&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/jonathanponciano/2021/08/10/more-than-600-million-stolen-in-ethereum-and-other-cryptocurrencies-marking-one-of-cryptos-biggest-hacks-ever/?sh=70c80e727f62">breached</a>&nbsp;blockchain-based platform Poly Network and extracted more than $600 million in cryptocurrencies, marking DeFi&#8217;s biggest hack ever. Those funds were&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/jonathanponciano/2021/08/12/hacker-finally-returns-nearly-all-600-million-stolen-in-ethereum-other-tokens-after-major-crypto-heist/?sh=5cd80c6c19cb">eventually</a>&nbsp;returned .



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="what-we-don-t-know">WHAT WE DON&#8217;T KNOW</h2>



It&#8217;s still unclear who the alleged hacker is and whether Wormhole is still working to retrieve the stolen funds.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="big-number">BIG NUMBER</h2>



$192 billion. That’s the market value of all decentralized finance tokens, according to cryptodata&nbsp;<a href="https://defillama.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">website</a>&nbsp;DeFi Llama. The space shot past a $250 billion valuation for the first time ever in December but has since fallen amid a&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/jonathanponciano/2022/01/10/looking-ugly-crypto-market-crash-intensifies-after-300-billion-sell-off-how-low-can-bitcoin-prices-go/">broader</a>&nbsp;cryptocurrency market sell-off.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="key-background">KEY BACKGROUND</h2>



Securities and Exchange Commission Chairman Gary Gensler has repeatedly said the decentralized finance industry, also known as DeFi, deserves more government scrutiny. Such platforms largely sidestep traditional intermediaries like central banks and exchanges for financial services and instead rely on blockchains and cryptocurrencies to process transactions. Gensler has said the practices can implicate securities, commodities and banking laws, and last year&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sec.gov/news/public-statement/gensler-aspen-security-forum-2021-08-03" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">called</a>&nbsp;on Congress to ramp up its authority over the cryptocurrency industry, which he likened to the “Wild West.”&nbsp;



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="further-reading">FURTHER READING</h2>



<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/jonathanponciano/2021/08/12/hacker-finally-returns-nearly-all-600-million-stolen-in-ethereum-other-tokens-after-major-crypto-heist/?sh=5cd80c6c19cb">Hacker Returns Nearly All $600 Million Stolen In Ethereum, Other Tokens After Major Crypto Heist</a> (Forbes)



By Jonathan Ponciano, Forbes Staff

Millennial generation boy on smart screen

Jump Crypto Fronts $325 Million In Stolen Crypto One Day After Solana’s Biggest Hack Ever

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-topline">TOPLINE</h2>



Bitcoin tumbled 16% overnight Saturday amid a wider plunge of cryptocurrencies as investors pared riskier bets with financial markets unsettled by the spread of the omicron coronavirus variant.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">KEY FACTS</h2>



Bitcoin, the No. 1 cryptocurrency by market value, was trading at $47,558.47 as of 9:30 a.m. Saturday, down 16% from a day earlier, according to<a href="https://www.coingecko.com/en" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">&nbsp;CoinGecko</a>.



It had fallen as much as 20% before recovering some of its losses.



As of Saturday morning, Ether, the second-largest digital token, was off 13.1%; Binance Coin, the third-largest token, was down 11%; Solana, the fifth-largest token, had given up 17.2%, according to<a href="https://www.coingecko.com/en" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">&nbsp;CoinGecko</a>.



Meme coin Dogecoin <a href="https://www.coingecko.com/en" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">shed</a> nearly a fifth of its market value and Shiba Inu coin declined 14.9%.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">KEY BACKGROUND</h2>



The drop in cryptocurrencies came after a volatile week in financial markets. The omicron variant has led countries around the world to restrict travel amid worries that vaccines may not be as effective against the strain. Fed Chairman Jerome Powell indicated earlier this week the central bank could accelerate the tapering of its pandemic bond-buying program, with inflation looking more persistent than policy makers had believed.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">FURTHER READING</h2>



<a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/bitcoin-price-tumbles-after-wall-street-selloff-11638621435" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Bitcoin Price Tumbles After Wall Street Selloff</a>&nbsp;(Wall Street Journal)



<a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-12-04/bitcoin-plunges-more-than-20-amid-tumble-in-cryptocurrencies?sref=X2kHL3Gj" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Bitcoin Plunges Over 20% in Another Sign of Global Market Nerves</a> (Bloomberg)



By Lisa Kim, Forbes Staff

Tag: crypto

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