In a world that demands rapid results, Professors Salim and Quarraisha Abdool Karim have spent decades proving that patience and persistence can save lives. Recognized as a collaborative force driving advancements in HIV prevention, they recently received the 2024 Lasker-Bloomberg Public Service Award, a prize often referred to as ‘America’s Nobel’. This award honors their transformative contributions to HIV/AIDS research and their leadership during Covid-19. As the Lasker Foundation noted in a press release announcing the award, the duo are celebrated “for illuminating key drivers of heterosexual HIV transmission and introducing life-saving approaches with which to prevent and treat HIV”.&nbsp;



Starting his research journey in apartheid-era South Africa, Prof Salim’s first published paper, written in his third year of medical school, tackled health disparities among racial groups — an early indication of his commitment to addressing the social context within public health. “Addressing inequality and empowering the vulnerable has always been integral to our approach,” he emphasizes to FORBES AFRICA, underscoring how public health can never be divorced from the societal behaviors and contexts from which it arises.



Salim recalls their return to South Africa in the late 1980s, knowing the scale of the HIV crisis they would face. “When we came back from New York in 1988, we saw the devastation HIV was causing. We knew this would be a massive problem in South Africa, and we had to act.” Over the next 18 years, the couple encountered countless setbacks but persevered, leading to the development of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP), now the gold standard for HIV prevention.



“For 18 years, all we did was fail. We went from one study to another, learning as we went,” Salim reflects. “But we kept going because the problem wasn’t going away.” Their persistence culminated in assisting a major breakthrough, as PrEP revolutionized HIV prevention, particularly for women.



Karims’ work has always been intertwined with social justice. “For us, research was always about more than just science; it was a way to address inequality and empower the vulnerable,” Salim explains. They tackled HIV from a sociological angle, addressing factors like age-disparate sex that disproportionately affected young, economically disadvantaged women. “HIV isn’t just a virus — it’s deeply influenced by social factors. That’s something we had to factor into our research.”



When Covid-19 emerged, they quickly adapted to confront this new pandemic. “In just two weeks, we had the virus sequence and were racing to understand it. Everything was moving fast, but our experience with HIV helped us adapt,” Salim recalls. Their swift response highlighted their value as public health leaders, offering guidance not only to South Africa but also to institutions like the WHO and Africa CDC.



For young scientists, Salim distills their journey into a simple formula: Passion, Excellence, and Perseverance, or “PEP.” “Find something that excites you, pursue excellence, and above all, persevere. Success often lies on the far side of failure,” he advises. This wisdom, born from decades of challenges and achievements, offers a blueprint for future public health leaders.



Despite their accolades, the pair are not resting on their laurels. They continue to work on long-acting HIV prevention strategies and are preparing for future pandemics. For them, the Lasker-Bloomberg Award is not the end — it is a milestone that fuels their ongoing mission. As Salim aptly puts it, “We’ve spent a lifetime failing and learning, but ultimately, we’ve changed what’s possible.”

Quarraisha and Salim Abdool Karim (Image supplied)

‘Research Is A Way To Address Inequality And Empower The Vulnerable’: South African Professor-Couple Win Award For Game-Changing HIV-Prevention Work

As the world commemorates the 120th anniversary of the Phoenix Settlement and Mahatma Gandhi’s 155th birth anniversary, the settlement and his legacy remain powerful symbols of non-violent resistance and social justice. A new book and a special event mark this occasion.



The Phoenix Settlement, established in 1904 by Mahatma Gandhi in the lush hills of Inanda, in South Africa’s coastal KwaZulu-Natal province, was much more than a communal living space; it was the birthplace of Gandhi’s revolutionary philosophy of Satyagraha. His aim was to create a self-sustaining community built on principles of non-violence, truth, and self-reliance. Phoenix would go on to play a crucial role in shaping his ideas on justice and equality, principles that would later drive India’s independence movement.



“The Phoenix Settlement embodies Gandhi’s African legacy not only for South Africa but for the world,” says Uma Dhupelia-Mesthrie in an interview with FORBES AFRICA. Her book, Gandhi’s African Legacy: Phoenix Settlement 1904 to 2024. A History Through Letters, which will be launched at a special event on October 5, provides a unique window into the settlement’s history, traced not just through Gandhi’s letters, but through the correspondence of his family, particularly Manilal Gandhi, his wife Sushila, and their children Sita, Arun and Ela Gandhi. These letters reveal the immense struggles faced in preserving Gandhi’s legacy while resisting the social injustices of the time.



At Phoenix, Gandhi set up a printing press for his newspaper, Indian Opinion, which was printed in multiple languages — Tamil, Hindi, Gujarati, and English. The newspaper became a vital tool in Gandhi’s fight against injustice, giving a voice to both Indian and African communities in South Africa. Through its pages, Gandhi articulated the principles of Satyagraha — a strategy of civil disobedience rooted in non-violence that would later inspire global movements for justice.



The years Gandhi spent in South Africa were pivotal in shaping his world-renowned philosophy of non-violent resistance. The Phoenix Settlement was a microcosm of the principles Gandhi would later apply to India’s struggle for independence.



It was here that he, his family, and other settlers practised communal farming and manual labor, embodying his ideals of simplicity, self-sufficiency, and equality.



According to Dhupelia-Mesthrie, Gandhi’s vision for Phoenix was inspired by his desire to “experiment with a different form of living that challenged settler society’s segregationist ideals”. He aimed to create a community that embodied inter-faith harmony, upliftment of women, and an equitable labor system where workers earned equal wages regardless of skill. Phoenix became known as a ‘Satyagraha Farm’, a place where young people could be educated in non-violent resistance and prepared to challenge injustices. “Gandhi always believed that the power to transform society lay in the hands of ordinary people,” Dhupelia-Mesthrie explains.



He described Satyagraha as “the force which is born of truth and love or non-violence”.



The settlement became a living example of how collective wellbeing could take precedence over individual gain.



When Gandhi left South Africa in 1914 to return to India, his son Manilal Gandhi took up the mantle, leading the settlement and continuing the publication of Indian Opinion. Under Manilal’s leadership, the newspaper advocated for non-racialism, and he himself became deeply involved in South Africa’s broader fight against apartheid. His wife, Sushila, would later assume leadership of the settlement, ensuring it remained a hub for activism and education until her death.



The Inanda Riots of 1985 severely damaged the settlement, but it has since been restored thanks to efforts by the Phoenix Settlement Trust and the Gandhi family. Today, the settlement houses a museum, a clinic, and Gandhi’s original home, continuing its legacy as a place of learning and inspiration.



The Phoenix Settlement offers enduring leadership lessons that resonate today. Gandhi’s approach to truth, integrity, and ethical leadership is particularly relevant in a world grappling with complex social and economic challenges. His model of leadership, rooted in non-violent resistance and communal good, provides a framework for ethical governance and inclusive decision-making. For modern business leaders, these lessons are just as powerful.



The 120th-anniversary celebration of Phoenix Settlement will culminate in the launch of Dhupelia-Mesthrie’s book. According to her, Gandhi’s African legacy speaks directly to today’s most pressing challenges: how to live harmoniously in the face of differences, how to conduct oneself ethically, and how to resist injustices non-violently. As the world grapples with issues like climate change, inequality, and social unrest, Gandhi’s time at Phoenix serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of non-violent resistance, ethical governance, and the pursuit of justice for all.

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‘Legacy Not Only For South Africa But For The World’: 120 Years Of Gandhi’s Phoenix

President Cyril Ramaphosa has signed the contentious Basic Education Laws Amendment (BELA) Bill into law, sparking debate over its potential impact on mother-tongue education and school governance in the country.



President Cyril Ramaphosa signed the Basic Education Laws Amendment (BELA) Bill into law on September 13, 2024, marking a significant shift in South Africa’s education landscape.



The new legislation, aimed at addressing inequalities and improving educational standards, has been met with both support and fierce opposition, particularly concerning its provisions on language policy and school admissions.



A Landmark Bill with Controversial Provisions



The BELA Bill introduces a range of significant changes to South Africa’s education system. It grants the government authority over school admissions and the language of instruction, ensuring centralized regulation.



The bill also tightens homeschooling regulations, requiring parents to follow stricter registration procedures. In cases where parents fail to ensure their child’s school attendance, they could face legal penalties, including jail time.



Another key provision is the introduction of Grade R as the compulsory school starting level for children aged four to five, shifting the entry age to earlier than before. The bill reinforces the abolition of corporal punishment, further solidifying South Africa’s commitment to a non-violent educational environment.



The African National Congress (ANC) has championed the bill as a necessary step toward addressing educational inequalities inherited from apartheid, especially in schools serving Black communities, which continue to lag in resources and outcomes compared to historically white institutions.



Language Policy at the Heart of the Debate



The most contentious aspect of the Bill — government’s increased control over language policies — has ignited backlash from coalition partners and civil rights groups.



The Democratic Alliance (DA), now a key member of the ruling Government of National Unity (GNU), has criticized the bill for undermining the right to mother-tongue education, particularly in schools where Afrikaans is the medium of instruction.



John Steenhuisen, leader of the DA, argued that the bill, while targeting underperforming schools, unfairly penalizes well-functioning institutions, particularly those offering instruction in Afrikaans.



“Successful single-medium Afrikaans schools are under continuous pressure to accept learners who want English instruction, while single-medium English schools face no such demands,” adds Alana Bailey, Head of Cultural Affairs at AfriForum.



The Case for Centralization



The ANC’s defense of the language provisions is rooted in its argument that some schools have used language policies to exclude learners, especially Black students.



“The BELA Bill seeks to ensure that every South African child, regardless of race or background, has equal access to quality education,” said ANC Member of Parliament Elleck Nchabeleng, who chairs the Parliamentary Portfolio Committee on Basic Education.



However, critics argue that this approach risks erasing cultural diversity in schools. Afrika Tikkun, a leading youth development organization, supports the bill’s goals but cautions that it must not come at the expense of local autonomy and cultural sensitivity.



Navigating the Future of South African Education



The passing of the bill has exposed reported rifts within the GNU, with President Ramaphosa facing accusations of unilaterally pushing through the legislation without adequately consulting coalition partners.



As the government moves forward with its implementation, the next three months of consultations on language and admission policies will prove critical. While it holds promise in addressing historic inequalities, its success will depend on how well the government balances the need for standardization with the importance of preserving South Africa’s rich linguistic and cultural diversity.

South Africa Signs New Health Law

The BELA Bill: Potential Turning Point For South Africa’s Education System

Pravin Gordhan, the former South African Minister of Finance and a prominent figure in the fight against state capture, passed away today at the age of 75, following a short battle with cancer.



His family in a statement issued this morning, said Gordhan &#8220;passed away peacefully in hospital surrounded by his family, closest friends and his lifelong comrades in the liberation struggle.&#8221;



Gordhan’s death marks the end of a 50-year political career, spanning multiple critical roles in South Africa’s government, most notably as the Minister of Finance during some of the country’s most turbulent years. Known for his commitment to integrity and reform, Gordhan also played a key role in South Africa’s transition to democracy, earning respect both locally and internationally for his contribution to building robust state institutions.



Gordhan, who was admitted to Johannesburg’s Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre on Wednesday, September 11, passed away two days later. His hospitalization drew the attention of many, as vigils were held in his honor, symbolizing the deep respect he garnered from his comrades and the public.



President Cyril Ramaphosa, expressing his sorrow at the passing of Gordhan in a statement issued today, hailed him as &#8220;an outstanding leader whose unassuming persona belied the depth of intellect, integrity, and energy with which he undertook his activism, his duty as a parliamentarian, and his roles as a member of Cabinet.&#8221; The President further acknowledged the personal sacrifices Gordhan made, not only for the country but also in his family life, stating, &#8220;Pravin Gordhan and his family were deprived of much needed and deserved time together.&#8221;



A Fighter Against State Capture



Although Gordhan&#8217;s political career had many significant moments, his role in fighting corruption, especially during former President Jacob Zuma&#8217;s administration, cemented his legacy. Appointed as Finance Minister twice, first from 2009 to 2014 and again from 2015 to 2017, Gordhan became a key figure in resisting what would later be known as state capture — a period of systematic looting of state resources and corruption facilitated by the Zuma-Gupta alliance.



His courageous stand against corruption led to relentless attacks on his character and reputation. He was subjected to disinformation campaigns, legal harassment, and smear efforts, spearheaded by senior ANC figures loyal to Zuma. Despite this, Gordhan remained resolute, stating that his duty was to uphold the Constitution and protect South Africa’s democratic institutions.



A Career of Service



Gordhan&#8217;s public life began long before his time in government. Born in Durban on April 12, 1949, he was an active member of the anti-apartheid struggle, working closely with organizations such as the Natal Indian Congress and serving as a member of the African National Congress’s (ANC) underground military wing. His activism in the 1970s and 1980s, which led to multiple arrests and detentions by apartheid authorities, shaped his commitment to social justice.



During the country’s transition to democracy, Gordhan played a key role in the Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA), helping to negotiate the logistics of South Africa&#8217;s first free and fair election. He was later appointed the first Commissioner of the South African Revenue Service (SARS) in 1998, where he earned accolades for transforming the institution into one of the most efficient and transparent tax agencies globally.



Even though his last role as Minister of Public Enterprises, from 2018 to 2024, was fraught with challenges, including the continued crisis at Eskom and SAA, Gordhan’s contributions to strengthening South Africa’s institutions will be remembered.



President Ramaphosa echoed this sentiment: &#8220;As a beacon of our fight against corruption, Pravin Gordhan stood up to derision and threats emanating from some in our nation who were scorched by his insistence that justice be dispensed.&#8221;

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Former South African Minister of Finance and ANC Stalwart Pravin Gordhan Passes Away

South African President Cyril Ramaphosa is currently in China for his second state visit, along with his participation in the Summit of The Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) this week. This visit underscores a deepening of bilateral relations, focusing on trade negotiations, political alignment, and strategic financial cooperation, signaling a strengthening of both political and economic ties between the two nations.



&#8220;We are seeking to shift the structure of our trade profile and deepen our investment relationship,” President Ramaphosa emphasized during his address to the SA-China Business Forum. “It is up to us to seize these opportunities and take the economic relationship between our two countries to the next level.&#8221;



Since the formalization of diplomatic relations in 1998, the partnership between South Africa and China has grown significantly. The cooperation has expanded year-on-year, not only in trade and investment but also through broader strategic initiatives, such as their mutual membership in the BRICS bloc. China is South Africa’s largest trading partner, with bilateral trade reaching almost $40 billion in 2023.



Veteran economist Dawie Roodt is clear in highlighting the import of strengthening trade relations with such an economic powerhouse, but also makes clear the importance of shifting the nature of such trade in a manner beneficial to South Africa.



“By purchasing power parity, the Chinese economy is the largest in the world,” says Roodt in an interview with FORBES AFRICA. “I do hope that something will come from this in terms of China actually importing more manufactured goods from South Africa.”



China appears to have listened. During today’s session of the FOCAC Summit, Chinese President Xi Jinping pledged nearly $51 billion in new funding for Africa over the next three years, signaling a strong commitment to deepening China-Africa relations.



This funding includes support for 30 infrastructure projects and 30 clean energy initiatives across the continent, emphasizing China&#8217;s strategic shift toward sustainable development. &#8220;China is ready to deepen cooperation with African countries in industry, agriculture, infrastructure, trade, and investment,&#8221; President Xi stated in today’s address, underscoring the importance of building a &#8220;China-Africa network featuring land-sea links and coordinated development&#8221;. South African exports to China are primarily focused on minerals and agriculture, while imports from China consist largely of manufactured goods. However, the trade imbalance remains a concern, with South Africa importing about twice as much from China as it exports. President Ramaphosa reiterated this concern during his meetings with Chinese leaders, stating, &#8220;We would like to narrow the trade deficit and address the structure of our trade.&#8221;



China’s increasing economic footprint in Africa is also a critical factor in the relationship. With loans totaling $4.61 billion to the continent last year and a growing number of developmental projects, China’s influence in Africa continues to expand. This expansion is not without strategic implications. As part of the broader Belt and Road Initiative, China&#8217;s investments in infrastructure, technology, and renewable energy align with its goals to build stronger ties with African nations.



For South Africa, this means leveraging these investments to boost local manufacturing and job creation. &#8220;We urge for more sustainable manufacturing and job-creating investments,&#8221; President Ramaphosa said, reflecting South Africa&#8217;s push for development that extends beyond raw materials and goods.



This goal appears to be reciprocated, with China aiming to expand market access and facilitate technology transfers, which could benefit South Africa by boosting local industries and creating jobs. With a promise to create at least one million jobs in Africa and to provide $70 billion in fresh investments by Chinese companies as part of the overall funding package, these commitments align with South Africa&#8217;s goals to diversify its economy and reduce its trade deficit with China. This development presents opportunities for South Africa to enhance its export profile, particularly in manufactured goods and value-added products.



On the political front, both nations operate under the framework of a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership (CSP). However, discussions during this visit included a proposal to upgrade the relationship to an All-Round Strategic Cooperative Partnership in a New Era. This new level of partnership would not only increase trade ties and commercial commitments but also enhance political alignment, a move clearly indicated in the joint statement issued by both countries on Monday. The statement reaffirmed South Africa’s support for the “One-China policy” and recognized Taiwan as &#8220;an inalienable part of China.&#8221;



Despite this greater political closeness, Roodt is not cynical as to how this might affect South Africa’s broader international relations, but highlighted that this step should not be seen as the sole point around which the country’s trade pivots. “I don&#8217;t think this is going to be an obstacle to our trade and our relationship with other countries, especially the West… As a small, developing, and open economy, South Africa would like to do business with everybody, and establish similar agreements with other countries as well.”



Additionally, both leaders agreed to strengthen cooperation in governance, green technologies, and digital transformation, underscoring the importance of mutual learning and technological exchange. This aligns with South Africa&#8217;s goal to modernize its economy and move towards sustainable development.



As discussions continue, South Africa is poised to advocate for better terms in its economic dealings with China, seeking to balance its trade deficit while expanding cooperation in critical areas such as renewable energy, technology, and infrastructure. The outcomes of these negotiations will likely shape the future trajectory of China-South Africa relations and their collective impact on the African continent&#8217;s economic landscape.

2024 Summit Of The Forum On China-Africa Cooperation – Day 3

South Africa And China Deepen Ties With $51 Billion Commitment And Strategic Partnership Upgrade During State Visit

South Africa’s Department of Justice is set to resubmit its extradition application to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) for the Gupta brothers, Rajesh and Atul, in connection with well-reported allegations of state capture. The Department is also considering expanding the charges attached to the application, including those of money laundering and fraud. The two brothers fled South Africa in 2016 amidst scrutiny over their close relationship with former President Jacob Zuma and allegations of illicit dealings with the state.



“The department and the National Prosecuting Authority [NPA] is coming under a lot of flak and being blamed for the failure to extradite the Gupta brothers, so it’s very important to understand that, as the NPA, we did everything possible to make sure that these Gupta brothers, who must be held accountable for the devastation of state capture, [are extradited],” said National Director of Public Prosecutions Shamila Batohi during a media briefing in Pretoria this morning.



The reapplication follows the rejection of the original extradition request by the UAE last year, reportedly on a technicality, which was communicated to South African authorities six weeks after the Gupta brothers had been informed.



The Gupta brothers, who first arrived in South Africa in 1993, built a vast business empire that expanded into mining, electronics, and media. Their influence extended into the political sphere, with accusations of orchestrating state appointments and siphoning funds from state-owned enterprises. Despite these allegations, the brothers have consistently denied wrongdoing, framing the accusations as part of a politically motivated campaign against them.



In South Africa, the Gupta family&#8217;s reported involvement in state capture has become a symbol of the country’s struggle with corruption at the highest levels of government. The brothers&#8217; alleged ability to influence key government decisions and appointments has raised questions about the integrity of South Africa&#8217;s political system during Zuma’s presidency. The fallout from these allegations continues to reverberate through the nation’s political and legal landscapes.



In the broader fight against state capture, the NPA has faced significant obstacles, including a lack of access to the Zondo Commission&#8217;s digital evidence database, crucial for prosecuting state capture cases. The Justice Department has denied claims that it has blocked access. The database reportedly contains a wealth of evidence that could be critical in prosecuting not only the Gupta brothers but other high-profile individuals implicated in state capture.



As South Africa prepares to resubmit its extradition application for the Gupta brothers, the outcome will be closely watched as a test of the country&#8217;s legal resolve and its ability to overcome systemic challenges that continue to obstruct justice. The success or failure of this extradition effort could have far-reaching implications for South Africa&#8217;s ability to prosecute those responsible for the widespread corruption that has plagued the country in recent years.

Gupta Brothers and Duduzane Zuma speak out

South Africa’s Justice Department To Reapply For Gupta Brothers’ Extradition, Mulls Adding New Charges

Floyd Shivambu, South Africa’s Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) Deputy President, today resigned from the party to join the uMkhonto we Sizwe (MK) party. This move represents the largest shakeup in EFF leadership since its formation in 2014 and reflects the shifting nature of opposition parties in light of South Africa’s recent Government of National Unity (GNU) formation following this year’s elections.



EFF President Julius Malema acknowledged the resignation in an urgent press briefing held in Johannesburg and attended by FORBES AFRICA, stating, “When he sent me a letter yesterday, I felt the pain… resigning from the EFF is like resigning from himself.”



Shivambu has long been a staunch supporter of Malema, co-founding the EFF alongside him. His exit to the MK party may herald a larger exodus of his loyalists, with at least one other EFF Member of Parliament, Mzwanele Manyi, also tendering his resignation in favor of joining MK.



Rumors of Shivambu’s potential resignation began swirling on social media late last night, quickly becoming the top trend on X, formerly Twitter, in South Africa. Speculation suggested that the rift was due to Shivambu potentially challenging Malema’s leadership at the EFF’s next conference.



Shivambu’s departure to the uMkhonto we Sizwe party, formed late last year after former President Jacob Zuma broke away from the ruling African National Congress (ANC), is particularly notable. Since MK’s formation and the lead-up to the June elections, several ANC members followed Zuma, leading to a groundswell of populist support. The newly-formed MK party surprisingly captured 14.58% of the national vote.



In response to the surge in support for relatively nascent opposition parties and the significant losses suffered by the ruling ANC, the post-election landscape saw the ANC, opposition Democratic Alliance (DA), and several other parties form GNU.



“My non-renewal of EFF membership is not a vote of no confidence,” said Shivambu during today’s press conference, notably absent his red overalls and beret, the EFF’s uniform. “It is a revolutionary act that will allow progressive forces to unite and work towards their agenda,” he added, seemingly nodding to the newfound circumstances the EFF and MK parties find themselves in since the GNU’s formation. Despite Shivambu’s conciliatory words, a visibly-agitated Malema looked on during the reading of the resignation letter.



Shivambu’s move comes just a week after 18 MK MPs were recalled from Parliament by the organization, many of whom had resigned from previous posts or employment to embrace their new roles — expulsions that have marked the party since former President Zuma assumed leadership of MK in May.



This move represents another unexpected turn in South Africa’s political landscape, with Malema acknowledging the potential impact on the party. “There will be many others who are going to leave the EFF because they’ve got their loyalty and support for the deputy president,” Malema remarked.



Shivambu declined to elaborate on his reasons for leaving, stating, “I don’t entertain rumors and speculations.”



The departure of a key figure like Shivambu could have profound implications for the future of South Africa’s opposition politics. With the MK party gaining traction and the EFF facing internal challenges, the balance of power among opposition parties is likely to shift, potentially altering the dynamics within the GNU. As these developments unfold, the future of South Africa’s political landscape will hinge on how these parties navigate their evolving roles, their ability to unite their bases, and the impact this will have on governance and stability in the country. The emergence of new



political alliances and realignments could shape the course of South Africa’s democracy in the years to come.

EFF Party Holds Press Conference As Deputy Leader Resigns

Political Shift As South African Opposition Party Economic Freedom Fighters Sees Deputy President Exit

In an unprecedented move, the Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) has declared Mpox a Public Health Emergency of Continental Security – the first since the agency’s inception in 2017.



&#8220;This empowers us to forge new partnerships, strengthen our health systems, educate our communities, and deliver life-saving interventions where they are needed most,&#8221; said Africa CDC Director General Jean Kaseya during an online media briefing late yesterday announcing the emergency, noting that currently, travel restrictions were not required.



The declaration, which will allow the organization to empower and coordinate resources in response to the Mpox outbreak, comes as 13 countries on the continent have reported cases, with the total exceeding 17,000, the majority being registered in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). However, the actual numbers could be higher due to a lack of consistent contact tracing and surveillance in many regions.



The situation has also deteriorated in countries like Kenya, Uganda, and Rwanda, where the virus has crossed borders, leading to an alarming rise in infections.



&#8220;This is not just another challenge; it’s a crisis that demands our collective action,” continued Kaseya. Africa CDC&#8217;s declaration underscores the severity of the Mpox outbreak, with the number of cases skyrocketing by 160% in the past year alone. According to the latest CDC data as of August 4, 2024, there have been 38,465 cases of Mpox and 1,456 deaths in Africa since January 2022. Experts warn that the true scale of the outbreak might be far worse, given the gaps in monitoring and reporting systems across the continent.



<h4 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-background">Background</h4>



Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, belongs to the same family of viruses as smallpox. The virus has mutated into different clades, with the current outbreak predominantly linked to the Clade Ib subclade, which has spread rapidly across Central and Western Africa. The virus is transmitted through close physical contact, resulting in symptoms such as fever, muscle aches, and large boil-like skin lesions.



In response to the crisis, Africa CDC has coordinated with international partners, including the European Commission and Bavarian Nordic, to secure 215,000 doses of the MVA-BN® vaccine, the only FDA and EMA-approved Mpox vaccine. This donation comes at a crucial time, as the continent grapples with the rapid spread of the virus and the limited availability of vaccines. The vaccine distribution will prioritize the most-affected regions, aiming to curb the spread of the virus and protect vulnerable populations.



Stella Kyriakides, the European Union Commissioner for Health and Food Safety, emphasized the importance of international cooperation in this effort in a press release announcing the donation earlier today: &#8220;Strong global partnerships are at the very core of our European Health Union. Health security threats know no borders and today… Preparedness and response to health threats is a global endeavour which we are determined to pursue collectively and with solidarity across borders.&#8221;

Spain Sets Up Monkeypox Testing Site As Cases on The Rise

Mpox Declared Public Health Emergency By Africa CDC: ‘Crisis That Demands Collective Action’ As 13 African Countries Report Cases

Namibia recently decided to impose visa requirements on countries that do not offer reciprocal visa-free entry.



Namibia is set to implement a new visa policy aimed at launching in April 2025, requiring citizens from over 30 countries, including major Western nations like the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom, to obtain visas for entry. This move is intended to ensure &#8220;parity and fairness in diplomatic interactions&#8221;, according to a press statement from the Namibian Ministry of Home Affairs, Immigration, Safety and Security issued earlier this year, reflecting a growing trend among Global South countries to assert themselves in global diplomatic exchanges.



The Hospitality Association of Namibia has expressed concerns over the potential impact on tourism, a sector contributing 7% to the country&#8217;s GDP. The new visa requirements for visitors from key source markets may affect Namibia’s image as a welcoming destination. With European countries accounting for a significant portion of tourist arrivals, industry experts fear that the policy might deter travelers, particularly those sensitive to additional travel costs.



Namibian policymakers defend the decision as a necessary assertion of sovereignty. Namibian Minister of Home Affairs, Immigration, Safety and Security Albert Kawana stated in a press release that, “This decision ensures that our policies are respected internationally and that Namibian citizens face fair treatment abroad.”



Analysts have noted that Namibia is not alone in this approach. Namibia&#8217;s stance reflects a broader trend where countries like Brazil are revising their visa policies to mirror the requirements imposed by Western nations. This shift signals a desire among Global South countries to change narratives about their role and treatment in international relations.



While the tourism sector voices concern, the Namibian government insists the process will be streamlined with visas available on arrival, minimizing disruptions for travelers. Still, as the policy looms, the debate continues on whether the diplomatic gains will outweigh potential economic drawbacks.



This policy shift underscores a broader debate in Africa: balancing national sovereignty with the economic imperatives of tourism and investment. As discussions evolve, Namibia&#8217;s move may prompt broader reflections across the continent on the balance between welcoming foreign investment and asserting national dignity.

The Hosea Kutako International Airport is the main

‘Ensures Our Policies Are Respected Internationally’: Namibia’s New Visa Policy For Over 30 Countries

South Africa’s 2023 startup ecosystem concluded on a high note, as the local venture capital (VC) sector defied the global downward trend in annual deals since 2020. The recent Southern African Venture Capital and Private Equity Association (SAVCA) Venture Capital Survey Launch 2024 revealed that total capital flow to startups exceeded R3 billion ($164 million) for the first time, demonstrating the sector&#8217;s remarkable resilience and potential.



The survey, launched by SAVCA, highlighted the significant increase in capital flow, with R10.73 billion ($586 million) invested across 1,106 active deals since the survey&#8217;s inception in 2010. While the number of deals slightly decreased in 2023 (184 deals compared to 195 in 2022), the activity remained higher than pre-Covid levels.



In line with global trends, the information and communication technology (ICT) sector dominated VC investments, nearly doubling its activity compared to 2022. The ICT sector, encompassing sub-sectors such as fintech, edtech, software, and eCommerce, accounted for 87.6% of investments. Fintech led by value (18.3%) and number (14.8%) of deals, followed by software at 9.8%.



Leading Industries Driving VC Investment



The ICT sector&#8217;s dominance in VC investments is not surprising, given the global shift towards a more digital and technologically driven economy. South Africa&#8217;s strategic position, well-established tech hubs, and a growing pool of tech-savvy entrepreneurs make it an attractive destination for VC funds. The country&#8217;s robust infrastructure, coupled with a supportive regulatory environment, further bolsters the appeal for investors.



Dawie Roodt, founder, Director, and Chief Economist of the Efficient Group, provides insights into this trend. He notes that the increasing digitization of business and the shift towards service-oriented economic activities are primary factors driving investments in the ICT sector.



&#8220;The nature of economic activity worldwide is changing rapidly, becoming more service-oriented and technologically driven. This shift supports the resilience of the VC sector, particularly in ICT,&#8221; Roodt explains in an interview with FORBES AFRICA.



Impact of Increased VC Investment



The infusion of VC funds into South Africa’s startup ecosystem has far-reaching implications for the economy, leading to job creation, innovation, and overall economic growth. As new technologies and business models emerge, they can drive productivity and competitiveness across various sectors. Furthermore, the rise in co-investment activities, involving both local and international investors, fosters a collaborative environment that can accelerate the growth of high-potential startups.



By backing innovative solutions, venture capitalists play a crucial role in addressing some of South Africa&#8217;s most pressing social challenges, such as unemployment and inadequate service delivery. The focus on sectors like fintech and edtech also indicates a potential for significant improvements in financial inclusion and education.



Potential Negative Impacts



However, the influx of VC money is not without potential drawbacks. One notable concern is the impact on the cost of living, particularly in tech hubs like Cape Town. As more startups receive funding and scale their operations, the demand for office space and housing could rise sharply, driving up rental and property prices. This could exacerbate the existing affordability issues for local residents.



Roodt emphasizes the need for balanced growth and highlights potential challenges. &#8220;South Africa is still a country and you need to be attractive in order to attract foreign investments. The downside, because of certain things, like, for example, the quality of our government and weak economic growth means that the returns that these investors require of are very high,&#8221; he noted.



Additional Insights



Moreover, the concentration of investment in specific sectors and regions might lead to economic imbalances. While the ICT sector thrives, other industries might not receive the same level of attention and funding, potentially widening the economic disparity between different sectors and regions.



Future Outlook



Despite the optimistic outlook, challenges remain. Roodt points out the impact of weak economic growth and the quality of governance on attracting foreign investment. &#8220;The downside, because of certain things like the quality of our government and weak economic growth, means that the returns these investors require are very high,&#8221; he cautioned.



The success of the VC sector will also depend on maintaining a positive investment image internationally. &#8220;With the new government of national unity, which is more of a coalition government, South Africa&#8217;s investment image is certainly improving,&#8221; Roodt observes.

Hands holding up columns of bar graph

New Survey: South Africa’s VC Sector On Positive Trajectory And What This Means

Stellenbosch University’s Clive Gray receives the Harry Oppenheimer Fellowship Award, advancing his pioneering research on the effects of long-term antiretroviral treatment in HIV-positive mothers, shedding light on its link to premature births.



In a groundbreaking study, Professor Clive Gray of Stellenbosch University, South Africa, has established a significant link between long-term antiretroviral treatment in HIV-positive mothers and premature births. This research, supported by the Oppenheimer Memorial Trust&#8217;s Harry Oppenheimer Fellowship Award, could reshape our understanding of the effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on maternal and child health.



“What we found is that women who received pre-pregnancy antiretroviral treatment had a higher risk of maternal vascular malperfusion,” explains Professor Gray to FORBES AFRICA. This condition, characterized by the improper penetration of maternal blood vessels into the placenta, leads to insufficient oxygen and nutrient delivery to the fetus, increasing the risk of premature birth and low birth weight.



The research identified a key molecule, referred to as Factor X, found in lower levels in the placentas of women who give birth prematurely. Factor X, an enzyme present in macrophages (a type of white blood cell), is crucial for proper placental blood vessel formation. This discovery paves the way for developing predictive markers for adverse birth outcomes.


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Prof-Clive-Gray-Image-supplied-1024x683.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-62467" style="width:554px;height:auto" srcset="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Prof-Clive-Gray-Image-supplied-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Prof-Clive-Gray-Image-supplied-300x200.jpg 300w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Prof-Clive-Gray-Image-supplied-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Prof-Clive-Gray-Image-supplied.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Prof Clive Gray; Image supplied</figcaption></figure></div>


“Our aim is not to change policy or the use of antiretrovirals, but to understand their implications,” emphasizes Professor Gray. “If we can identify who is at risk, we can recommend adjunctive treatments to mitigate these risks.”



The implications of this research are profound. Maternal vascular malperfusion not only affects the immediate health of the newborn but also has long-term impacts, including developmental delays and neurocognitive disorders. Children exposed to HIV in-utero but not infected often exhibit learning difficulties, increased susceptibility to infections, and other health challenges.



“These HIV exposed uninfected children are not healthy,” Gray notes. “They suffer from more bacterial and viral infections, especially in the first few years of life, than their counterparts who are born to HIV uninfected mothers.”



The study highlights the need for a deeper understanding of how antiretroviral drugs interact with placental and fetal development. Gray’s team is investigating the exact mechanisms through which these drugs influence maternal vascular malperfusion and seeking to develop a biomarker for predicting which women are at risk.



Gray&#8217;s research has been significantly bolstered by the Oppenheimer Memorial Trust&#8217;s Harry Oppenheimer Fellowship Award. This award, recognizing world-class research with far-reaching impacts, will fund the continuation and expansion of Gray&#8217;s studies.



With the award’s support, Gray’s team aims to refine their predictive marker and explore potential interventions to counteract the negative effects of antiretrovirals on placental development. The ultimate goal is to ensure that HIV-positive mothers can receive effective treatment without compromising their babies&#8217; health.



A New Frontier in HIV Research



Gray&#8217;s work is pioneering in the field of reproductive immunology and HIV research. The findings challenge the existing understanding of antiretroviral therapy&#8217;s safety during pregnancy and highlight the need for ongoing investigation into its long-term effects.



“There is a substantial body of research on the HIV-exposed infant, but what&#8217;s missing is the immunological perspective, particularly concerning the placenta,” Gray explains. “Our research fills this gap and opens up new possibilities for improving maternal and child health outcomes.”



As Gray’s team continues to investigate the complex interactions between antiretroviral drugs and placental development, their work promises to have significant implications for public health policies and clinical practices worldwide.



“Our findings underscore the importance of monitoring and supporting the health of HIV-positive mothers and their babies,” Gray concludes. “By understanding the risks and developing targeted interventions, we can improve outcomes for both mothers and children.”



Looking Ahead



The future of this research holds promise. Gray and his team are writing grants to the National Institutes of Health to further investigate the link between HIV infection, placental dysfunction, and child development outcomes. They aim to establish a comprehensive understanding of the impact of antiretroviral therapy on both maternal and child health.



“Our goal is to create a predictive model for adverse birth outcomes and to develop interventions that can mitigate these risks,” Gray states. “We are committed to ensuring that HIV-positive mothers can receive the best possible care without compromising their children’s health.

Premature baby holds mothers hand

‘New Possibilities For Improving Maternal And Child Health Outcomes’: South African Professor On Path-Breaking HIV Research

Ireland has terminated visa-free travel from South Africa and Botswana, the country’s Justice Minister Helen McEntee announced yesterday. The application of the new requirements removes Ireland as one of the last visa-free travel destinations for South African citizens in Europe. This move comes despite the strong shared history of Ireland and South Africa, as well as the increasing annual trade between the two countries.



“The new requirements are introduced to bring Ireland into closer alignment with the Schengen Area and with the UK to ensure immigration controls are effective,” said Irish Ambassador to South Africa Austin Gormley in a video posted on the Embassy’s X account.



The decision, made just three years after visa requirements for South Africans were abolished post-Covid, is driven by a reported surge in asylum applications from travelers using South African passports, including individuals from Zimbabwe and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This year alone, Ireland reportedly received 198 asylum applications from South African passport holders, highlighting concerns over misuse of visa-free privileges.



“A wide range of factors are taken into account when introducing visa requirements to ensure we can continue to facilitate travel with processes that are robust, effective, and fair,” said McEntee during the announcement.



Effective from tomorrow, July 10, the new visa requirements mark a significant policy shift. Transitional arrangements have been put in place for Botswana and South African passport holders who have already made travel arrangements, with the increased restrictions applying only to travel beyond August 9, 2024.



In anticipation of increased visa applications, Ireland has established an Africa Desk in Dublin to facilitate visa processing and diplomatic relations. Additionally, three new visa processing centers will be opened in South Africa by VFS Global, aimed at streamlining application processes and managing the expected influx of visa requests.



The economic impact of these new visa requirements is expected to be substantial. Visa-free travel previously facilitated a significant number of South African visitors to Ireland each year, contributing to tourism, business exchanges, and educational partnerships. With the introduction of visas, adjustments in travel patterns and economic relations between the countries are anticipated.



The ease of travel and cultural exchanges that characterized visa-free arrangements will likely be affected, potentially influencing investment flows and educational collaborations. Despite this, Ambassador Gormley was at pains to make clear that the new requirements were not a reflection upon the relationship between Ireland and South Africa more broadly. “Ireland enjoys very strong bonds with South Africa and friendship… please be assured that the warm Irish welcome will continue to be there.”



South Africa and Botswana’s passport rankings are likely to be affected by these changes, influencing their citizens’ global travel ease. The establishment of new visa processing centers in South Africa by VFS Global aims to manage the anticipated rise in visa applications and ensure efficient processing.

This is important, I need it to see the world

Ireland No Longer Visa-Free For South Africa And Botswana Citizens

President Cyril Ramaphosa&#8217;s second term begins with a historic Government of National Unity, sparking cautious market optimism. While the Rand rallies and JP Morgan upgrades South Africa’s rankings, some warn that deep-seated structural issues and potential policy conflicts could impede sustained economic growth.



Today marked the second-term swearing-in of South Africa’s President Cyril Ramaphosa of the African National Congress (ANC), which has for the first time since 1997 been forced to form a Government of National Unity (GNU). The ANC, having lost its parliamentary majority for the first time since the dawn of democracy in the country, has formed a coalition with the opposition Democratic Alliance (DA) among others, an odd set of bedfellows between the proclaimed socialist ANC and neoliberal DA, and a direct response to the more economically left-leaning established Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) and newly-formed Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) party led by South Africa’s former President Jacob Zuma.



The move has sparked cautious optimism as well as more deliberate takes from markets and economists. Following the announcement of the GNU, the South African rand rallied 0.44% against the dollar against its previous close. Yesterday, global bank JP Morgan upgraded South Africa’s rankings from underweight to overweight. As Ramaphosa took his oath of office on a crisp winter’s morning in the country’s capital Pretoria, the rand broke below R18 to 1USD for the first time in almost a year.



“We affirm our resolute quest to build a growing and inclusive economy that offers opportunities and livelihoods to all people,” said Ramaphosa in his inauguration speech. “They want a transformed, growing, and inclusive economy.”



Unmeasured optimism isn’t the only sentiment, however, despite the short-term reaction of the markets. While noting the positive response, economist Dawie Roodt makes clear that the underlying structural problems are not only to be fixed overnight but that even these short-term benefits are unlikely to be realized for the majority of the populace.



A Problem of Structure



“The recent market optimism, it’s really good news,” said Roodt, Chief Economist of the Efficient Group, to FORBES AFRICA. “But you have to remember that the financial markets are not going to spill over that much into the real economy.”



South Africa has long been grappling with long-term challenges that have hampered economic growth; a battling state-owned electrical utility has meant regular outages to both business and public for nearly two decades. Railways and basic service delivery have redoubled these challenges, and coupled with a shrinking tax base, the short-term economic response will not necessarily lead to any strong long-term economic gains.



“The basic problem in South Africa is service delivery. Unfortunately, the damage that has been done to all levels of government over the past couple of years is really extensive – fixing that is going to be a major issue,” says Roodt. “The GNU’s commitment to infrastructure development and basic service provision is a positive step, but the extent of its impact will depend on the government’s ability to implement these changes effectively.”



There Might Be a Will, But Not a Way



“The people of South Africa have spoken about the land they want to farm, about the businesses they want to run,” said Ramaphosa today. “&#8230; about the things and products they want to make, about the skills they want to learn.”



It&#8217;s unclear at this point politically from where these results will come.



Despite both the DA and ANC appearing to make strong commitments toward the GNU, it’s early days yet. Both parties compromised extensively to achieve the agreement, with the DA confirming it would not support a motion to re-investigate President Ramaphosa over the Phala Phala farm scandal, whilst the ANC is open to negotiating with the DA on top cabinet positions.



The free-market-leaning DA, and the ostensibly more left-leaning ANC are also joined by the Zulu nationalist Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) and conservative but stated economically centrist Patriotic Alliance (PA) in the GNU, all of whom have crucially different stances on economic and social policy.



Long-Term Ramifications



Therein lies the challenge to long-term success, comments Roodt; not only are underlying structural problems unlikely to be solved easily, but what is likely is that a divergence of views could cause inaction and strife within the GNU.



“There are major challenges ahead. Both the DA and the ANC will try to prevent conflicts over policies and ideologies, but inevitably, conflicts will arise,” he comments. “What concerns me is that these conflicts could lead to the end of the coalition and even instability within the ANC itself… I doubt we will see a full five-year term for this new government due to these inevitable policy conflicts.”



In the most economically-unequal country in the world, the consequences of such a lack of action could be dire.



First Surety, Then Credit



As South Africa navigates this new political landscape, the long-term ramifications of the GNU’s policies are uncertain. President Ramaphosa&#8217;s commitment to economic reform is evident in his inauguration speech where he stated, &#8220;We affirm our resolute quest to build a growing and inclusive economy that offers opportunities and livelihoods to all people.&#8221; This commitment is crucial for addressing the country&#8217;s deep-rooted economic challenges, but it will require effective implementation and unwavering political will.



Roodt highlights the significant hurdles ahead, particularly the need for structural adjustments. &#8220;In order to fix the real economy, we need to make some structural adjustments,&#8221; Roodt emphasized. These adjustments, while necessary, are politically challenging and could lead to tensions within the coalition government. The ability of the GNU to navigate these challenges will be a key determinant of its success.



Delivering What The People Want



Ramaphosa&#8217;s vision for a more inclusive and just society also hinges on effective governance and anti-corruption measures. &#8220;The people have demanded an end to the theft of public funds and the capture of the state,&#8221; Ramaphosa asserted. Ensuring transparency and accountability in government operations will be essential for gaining public trust and fostering a conducive environment for economic growth.



As South Africa moves forward, the world watches closely. The GNU represents a bold step towards inclusive governance and economic reform, but the journey is fraught with challenges. The initial market optimism must be tempered with the reality of the structural issues that need to be addressed.



Roodt&#8217;s cautionary words serve as a reminder of the uphill battle that lies ahead. &#8220;This is not going to be an easy route. It is still a serious uphill battle ahead of us,&#8221; he warned. The coalition&#8217;s success will largely depend on its ability to navigate internal conflicts and make the tough structural adjustments needed to revive the economy.



Ramaphosa&#8217;s pledge to work with all sectors of society to address these challenges is a positive sign. &#8220;As the President of the Republic, I will work with everyone to reach out and work with every political party and sector that is willing to contribute to finding solutions to the challenges our country faces as we transition to a new decade of freedom,&#8221; he declared. In this pivotal moment, South Africa has the opportunity to forge a new path. The coming months and years will reveal whether the GNU can deliver on its promises and steer the nation towards sustainable economic growth and social justice. Only time will tell if this new era will truly bring about the transformative change that South Africans so desperately need.

Cyril Ramaphosa Starts New Term As President Of South Africa

Ramaphosa Sworn In For Second Time: Can South Africa’s GNU Deliver On Economic Reforms?

South Africa is entering a new political era with the formation of a Government of National Unity (GNU) between the previously ruling African National Congress (ANC) and the opposition Democratic Alliance (DA). This historic coalition, finalized amidst last-minute negotiations, represents a significant compromise from both sides and aims to stabilize governance at both national and provincial levels.



The GNU comes after the ANC, which secured 40.18% of the national vote, lost its parliamentary majority for the first time since the end of apartheid. The DA, with 21.81% of the vote, has agreed to support President Cyril Ramaphosa&#8217;s leadership, marking a shift towards a more collaborative governance model.



The formation of the GNU required substantial compromises from both major parties. The ANC initially proposed a &#8220;confidence and supply agreement&#8221;, which the DA rejected, insisting on what they proposed as a genuine power-sharing arrangement. This insistence led to the inclusion of the phrase &#8220;broadly proportional&#8221; in the final agreement, ensuring fair representation of both parties in the Cabinet.



ANC Secretary-General Fikile Mbalula emphasized the necessity of the GNU, stating, &#8220;This is a remarkable step towards uniting our country and addressing the challenges we face.&#8221; DA leader John Steenhuisen, speaking at the signing of the agreement, highlighted the importance of this collaboration, saying, &#8220;Today marks the beginning of a new era where we put our differences aside for the betterment of all South Africans.&#8221;



In an interview with FORBES AFRICA, Gustavo de Carvalho, a Senior Researcher on African Governance and Diplomacy at the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA), notes that managing these differences will be crucial. &#8220;The ability of these parties to make difficult decisions together and manage the country without always threatening the coalition is essential,&#8221; he says. &#8220;Conflict management tools and mechanisms will be put to the test.&#8221;



In with the Old, Despite the Rise of the New



At the national level, this coalition is expected to bring stability, with President Ramaphosa likely to remain in office. The GNU will also impact provincial governance, especially in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), Gauteng, and the Northern Cape provinces, where no party holds a clear majority. The DA&#8217;s participation in the GNU is seen as a strategic move to influence policy and governance, potentially stabilizing these regions.



This election also saw the emergence of new political players like Rise Mzansi and ActionSA, which made significant inroads but were overshadowed by the uMkhonto weSizwe Party (MK), led by South Africa’s former President Jacob Zuma. The MK Party quickly became a formidable force, particularly in KZN, where it secured 45.35% of the vote, making it the largest party in the province.



Zuma&#8217;s influence has been pivotal in the MK Party&#8217;s rise. His called for delaying the election results announcement, citing alleged irregularities, underscored the tension and uncertainty surrounding this election. Zuma stated in a press conference, &#8220;No one should declare the results until all concerns are addressed. This is about ensuring fairness and transparency.&#8221;



Coalition Challenges



The GNU, while a groundbreaking move, is essentially a coalition, which has had mixed success at the metro level. Previous coalitions in cities like Johannesburg and Nelson Mandela Bay have faced numerous challenges, including instability and frequent changes in leadership. The effectiveness of the GNU will depend on its ability to navigate these challenges and maintain cohesive governance.



De Carvalho highlighted the ideological differences between the ANC and DA as potential flashpoints. &#8220;There are often spaces where the ANC and DA have been at odds, whether in terms of foreign policy, land reform, or the National Health Insurance. These could become clashing points that affect coalition stability,&#8221; he explains.



The DA&#8217;s insistence on genuine power-sharing rather than a &#8220;confidence and supply agreement&#8221; reflects its determination to avoid being marginalized in the coalition. This stance was evident during the negotiations when the DA demanded the inclusion of &#8220;broadly proportional&#8221; representation in the Cabinet. The DA&#8217;s participation in the GNU is expected to influence provincial governance, potentially leading to more efficient service delivery and better management of resources.



Stability



The success of this coalition government will be closely watched, as it has the potential to set a precedent for future governance models in South Africa. Ramaphosa, in a recent address, acknowledged the importance of this moment, saying, &#8220;We have a unique opportunity to demonstrate that our democracy is strong and capable of adapting to new political realities.&#8221;



De Carvalho pointed out the importance of this administration for both parties. &#8220;This administration is incredibly important for the ANC to show they can maintain their goals and objectives and for the DA to prove they can appeal beyond their traditional voters,&#8221; he says.



The formation of the GNU marks a significant step towards a more inclusive and collaborative political landscape in South Africa. While challenges remain, the commitment of both the ANC and the DA to this new model of governance holds promise for addressing the nation&#8217;s pressing issues and ensuring stability in the years to come.



Provincial Stability



The impact of the GNU will be felt strongly at the provincial level. In provinces like Gauteng and the Northern Cape, where no party holds a clear majority, the coalition government could bring much-needed stability. The DA&#8217;s participation is expected to influence provincial governance, potentially leading to more efficient service delivery and better management of resources.



The MK’s Rise



The rise of the uMkhonto weSizwe Party (MK) has been one of the most significant developments in this election. Led by former President Jacob Zuma, the MK Party has quickly established itself as a major political force, particularly in KwaZulu-Natal. The party&#8217;s success is largely attributed to Zuma&#8217;s influence and his ability to mobilize support among his loyal base.



Zuma&#8217;s contentious statements during the election, including threats to challenge the results, have added to the political tension. However, the MK Party&#8217;s significant share of the vote indicates a shift in the political landscape, with voters seeking alternatives to the traditional powerhouses.



Coalition Challenges



While the GNU is a promising step towards inclusive governance, it is not without challenges. Coalition governments at the metro level have faced numerous issues, including instability and frequent leadership changes. The effectiveness of the GNU will depend on the ability of the ANC and DA to navigate these challenges and work towards common goals.



The framework agreement includes mechanisms for dispute resolution and consensus-building, which will be crucial in maintaining stability. Ramaphosa, in his address, emphasized the importance of these mechanisms, stating, &#8220;We must work together to ensure that our government remains stable and responsive to the needs of our people.&#8221;



De Carvalho also highlighted the importance of perceptions and public opinion. &#8220;The decay in terms of votes for the ANC and the limited growth for the DA shows pressure from the public for changes in governance,&#8221; he says. &#8220;Both parties have a lot to prove in this new administration.&#8221;



The formation of the Government of National Unity marks a new chapter in South Africa&#8217;s political history. While it brings hope for a more inclusive and collaborative governance model, it also presents significant challenges. The commitment of both the ANC and the DA to this new model will be tested in the coming months, as they work to address the nation&#8217;s pressing issues and ensure stability in governance.

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‘Both Parties Have A Lot To Prove’: South Africa’s Unity Government And Challenges Of The New Political Reality

In a devastating blow to Malawi, Vice President Saulos Klaus Chilima and nine others have died in a plane crash that occurred on June 10, along with nine other persons on board. The Malawian Defense Force aircraft, enroute from the Malawian city of Lilongwe to Mzuzu for the funeral of former Attorney General Ralph Kasambara, went down reportedly amid poor visibility and bad weather conditions.



Malawian President Lazarus Chakwera addressed the nation on Tuesday, confirming the tragic news. “The plane has been found and I am deeply saddened and sorry to inform you all, it has turned out to be a terrible tragedy,” Chakwera said in a televised address. He added, “Something terrible went wrong with that aircraft on its flight back… sending it crashing down and killing everyone on board and leaving us all devastated.”



The exact cause of the crash remains unclear, but initial reports suggest that adverse weather conditions played a significant role. The plane lost contact with aviation authorities shortly after being instructed to return to Lilongwe due to poor visibility. Rescuers combed the fog-cloaked forest south of Mzuzu, where the plane was last detected.



The rescue operations were extensive, involving support from neighboring countries and international partners. General Paul Valentino Phiri, Malawi’s army commander, highlighted the collaborative efforts, including helicopters and drones provided by countries like the United States, Britain, Norway, and Israel.



The Malawian Defense Force aircraft was carrying Chilima, a prominent political figure and widely respected leader in Malawi. Also on board were Gloria Mtukule, a notable figure, and Shanil Dzimbiri, the former First Lady of Malawi. The tragic deaths of these key political and public figures have had a significant impact on the nation.



President Chakwera praised Vice President Chilima, describing him as “a good man, a devoted father and husband, a patriotic citizen who served his country with distinction, a formidable vice president.” He extended his condolences to the families of all the victims, acknowledging their service to the nation.



The political implications of this tragedy are profound. Chilima, a charismatic leader, had been expected to be a presidential candidate in the 2025 elections.



This incident also raises concerns about the safety and reliability of military flights in the region. The Malawian government has pledged a thorough investigation into the crash to prevent such tragedies in the future. As the nation mourns, the government faces the dual challenge of ensuring a transparent investigation and maintaining political stability – particularly in the runup to the upcoming elections.

Author: Yeshiel Panchia

FORBES AFRICA SOCIAL MEDIA