Historical manuscripts and closely-guarded treasures of the VATICAN APOSTOLIC LIBRARY are now accessible through digitization and blockchain, ensuring their preservation.



There has always been a lot of mystery surrounding the Vatican Secret Archives. Secured in a two-story underground vault beneath the Cortile della Pigna, this incredible collection of documents, renamed the Vatican Apostolic Archive, spans 12 centuries. From ancient manuscripts to letters between popes and kings, records from the Roman Inquisition, and a list of banned books (known as the Index Librorum Prohibitorum), it’s an archive filled with secrets that only a select few are privileged to access. And although there have been many books, films and theories about what lies within its vaults, the true extent of its mysteries remains locked away.



The same could once be said about the Vatican Apostolic Library. Founded in 1475, the library houses one of the world’s richest collections of manuscripts, printed books, coins and medals. It was only accessible to high-ranking clergy and elite scholars, its content closely guarded until the 19th century.



All of these fragile documents required preservation and specialized, climate-controlled rooms were introduced. It’s only within the past decade that the Vatican Apostolic Library has focused on digitizing its vast collection, making 27,500 manuscripts in it accessible worldwide on platforms like DigiVatLib.



Headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, NTT Data created a digital archiving solution called AMLAD (Advanced Museum Library Archives Deposit). AMLAD wasn’t created for the Vatican Apostolic Library but this mammoth collection, often referred to as historical heritage of humankind, made it the perfect project to showcase the platform’s capabilities. Even when well-preserved, ancient documents are at risk of deterioration, digitization provides a way to maintain and preserve these collections, which is why NTT DATA developed a tool for archiving both 2D and 3D data. 



“It’s one of the challenges that cultural institutions hold right now,” explains Kyohei Jinno, Deputy Manager of NTT Data Japan Corporation. NTT Data has been working with the Vatican Apostolic Library for a decade. Their cloud-based digital storage system now includes over 27,500 manuscripts which are available online to users worldwide, complete and free of charge with high-definition images. 



The next step for the Vatican Apostolic Library and NTT Data is Web3 – NFT technologies.



“We believe the concept of Web3 with its characteristics like decentralization, permissionless, native payments may enable a new community,” says Jinno. “The reliability of digital data becomes a challenge during digital data archiving and this can be mitigated by ensuring traceability through the recording and referencing of the digital data’s provenance information and immutability information.”



In other words, blockchain technology.



NTT have already used this technology to successfully build a digital archive system for the ASEAN Cultural Heritage Digital Archive (ACHDA) project. “Web3, as an open information system platform, isn’t tied to specific service providers, allowing everyone to participate. In this proof of concept, we issue NFTs as proof of contribution and use them as authentication keys,” adds Jinno. This novel approach gives users access to high- resolution images and detailed information about selected cultural heritage items. “Instead of providing original artwork, we are exploring options such as special experiences or abstracted content,” says Jinno.



The idea is that by using NFTs, they will not only encourage greater engagement with the library’s collections, they’ll be able to demonstrate blockchain’s potential for preserving and sharing heritage.



Jinno explains that a Web3-based digital archiving approach provides a way to safeguard these cultural assets by creating reliable digital versions that can be restored if the original materials are damaged or destroyed.



“The main purpose of preservation is to restore data,” he adds. “But at the same time, we’re showing people through a project like the Vatican Library how the blockchain works and how it can be used to protect original content.”

Christmas Celebrations In The Vatican

Where Ancient Heritage Meets Modern Technology: Why The Vatican Library Is Embracing Web3

WHAT DOES IT TAKE TO SWIM SOUTH AFRICA’S FALSE BAY, with nothing but a swimming costume and a tenacious will to cross the 34km route, contending with white sharks and jellyfish stings, and in freezing temperatures that can tear into your soul? Here’s why more open water swimmers are signing up, and why it’s cheaper than the English channel.



In 1488 Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu Dias described False Bay as the “Gulf between the mountains”. It is the largest true bay in South Africa and got its name from frustrated sailors who thought they had reached the tip of Africa, only to realize that Hangklip was not Cape Point. This ‘false bay’ is home to a diverse array of species that include whales, dolphins, sharks and seals swimming alongside octopi and a wide variety of fish. The crisp, clear water is the perfect home for the nutrients and phytoplankton that support marine life – and for a growing number of open water swimmers in search of adventure.



“False Bay is growing in international stature as a challenging and enticing swim,” Derrick Frazer, owner of Big Bay Events, a company that trains open water swimmers, tells FORBES AFRICA. “Between 1989 and 2012, numerous attempts were made to swim False Bay but only five were successful. In 2019, a six-person relay team successfully swam it as an investigative swim to see if opening up the route would find interest among swimmers and, since then, more and more people are being drawn to this swim.”



Frazer has seen an exponential increase in international swimmers joining his team each season. In 2021, he had one international swimmer, by 2024, it was three and in 2025, he has six international swimmers already booked for the year. “We’ve supported a total of 35 crossings at a 100% success rate,” he adds.



To provide a bit of context into exactly how challenging the False Bay swim can be, the best point of comparison is the English Channel – the open water swim from England to France is around 32 kilometers in water temperatures of around 15-18 degrees Celsius with the swimming window open from the end of June to the start of September. Any times outside of those involve colder temperatures, shorter days and darker swims. False Bay is approximately 34 kilometers and the water temperature dips to as low as 11 degrees in winter. The summer months of January and February are a more pleasant crossing at 20 degrees, but swimmers tend to pick their swim around the weather and the currents.



The swim route across False Bay can be taken in two ways. Swimmers can opt into swimming from Rooi Els to Miller’s Point or from Pringle Bay to Buffels Bay in the Western Cape. Both routes are around 34 kilometers and can be swum at any time of the year – although avoiding the south eastern



wind or South Easter is recommended. When declaring the False Bay swim official in 2019, the False Bay Swimming Association suggested that it be done in spring and autumn.



“The sheer distance, combined with False Bay’s reputation as the ‘white shark capital of the world’, and the constantly changing conditions in the bay, is drawing adventurers,” Carina Bruwer, marathon swimmer and member of the False Bay Swimming Association Board, tells FORBES AFRICA.



As the first South African woman, and third person ever, to successfully cross False Bay nearly 20 years ago, she understands the allure of this incredibly challenging swim.



<h4 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-the-long-cold-beauty">The long, cold beauty</h4>



Bruwer says: “You have to contend with cold water, unpredictable currents and the possibility of wildlife encounters making it both a physical and mental challenge. Completing it offers a tremendous sense of accomplishment as you cross from one iconic point to another.”



In 1989, the first-ever swim across False Bay was made by Annemie Landmeters in 9:56h, a record that remained unbroken until November 30, 2022, when South African Katherine Persson finished it in 8:9h. In 2019, the fastest swim for a male swimmer was made by South African Barend Nortje in 9:17h who then broke his record in February 2024 at 7:28h. Both are in the Guinness World Records. Both are joined by a growing legion of open water swimmers wanting to experience the remarkable.



“Open water swimming has seen huge growth worldwide and swimmers are constantly looking for new and more extreme challenges,” says Frazer. “It is a compelling swim, particularly for Africans, as it sits in our backyard, it is one of our longest recognized routes, and it’s cold – the chilly waters of the Cape make the Channel swim feel warm by comparison. Swimmers who’ve trained a lot in Cape Town go to the Channel and say, ‘wow, this water is so warm, it’s fantastic’.”



It is also extremely beautiful. Unlike its English colleague, False Bay offers breathtaking scenery along the Cape Peninsula and the thrill of sharing the water with local marine wildlife.



“There’s a mystique about it. People want challenges and something new, and there’s also an element of danger to it,” says Troy Mayers (53), who was the 18th person to complete the swim.



“It’s a very difficult swim and it is unique and not a lot of people have done it, which makes it feel like you’re one of a few people brave enough to tackle it. You definitely have to be brave to sign up for False Bay.”



This is a sentiment shared by Kimberlee De Wit (36), Wendy Viola (59), Gillian Dusterwald (60) and Teru Adamson (55) who crossed False Bay on October 9, 2024. They were the last four people to complete the swim that has now only ever had 48 people cross its depths since it became an official swim in 2019.



“We felt it was important to demonstrate that big swims aren’t just for elite swimmers,” Viola tells FORBES AFRICA. “Average swimmers like us can achieve great things and conquer tough swims if we work together, believe in ourselves and have the right attitude. We were inspired to do this swim by sitting on the beach, looking across the bay and wondering if we could do it.”



The women worked with Scott Tate from Swim Cape Town to prepare for their swim, which was a relay across the bay. They would alternate swimming for an hour and sitting for an hour to simulate relay conditions – IN/OUTs as suggested by Tate – which gave them the physical and mental confidence they needed to manage their swim.



“It was tough – we had to deal with motion sickness, nutrition, rough conditions, jellyfish stings, getting a wet body into a dry costume on a rolling boat, three hours sitting on a boat between swims and no bathroom on board,” says Viola. “Our conditions weren’t as good as forecast so we had a rough start with big swells rolling perpendicular to our swimming path which made us feel as if we were constantly swimming in the wrong direction. We thought we would get an assist at the end and be blown into Rooi



Els but the ocean decided to change completely and push us back into the bay so the last third of our swim was a slog.”



The relay ended with the last swimmer battling compass jellyfish and a rough current until the last 500 meters when all the women jumped in to complete False Bay together in just under 12 hours.



“Gillian and I are the two oldest women to have done the swim,” says Viola. “When we look back, we feel privileged to live in such a beautiful place with such a swimming opportunity.”



“It was mentally a challenging swim. I know what lives in the water and what they are capable of, and from the moment I got in, I felt completely exposed,” says Mayers. “Every swell, every shadow underneath you that looks like a shark, was a moment of stress. Eleven hours later, when my feet touched down on the ground, I felt incredible relief and joy.”



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="1024" src="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Troy-Mayers-in-the-challenging-waters-of-False-Bay-Image-supplied-1024x1024.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-64144" srcset="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Troy-Mayers-in-the-challenging-waters-of-False-Bay-Image-supplied-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Troy-Mayers-in-the-challenging-waters-of-False-Bay-Image-supplied-300x300.jpg 300w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Troy-Mayers-in-the-challenging-waters-of-False-Bay-Image-supplied-150x150.jpg 150w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Troy-Mayers-in-the-challenging-waters-of-False-Bay-Image-supplied-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Troy-Mayers-in-the-challenging-waters-of-False-Bay-Image-supplied.jpg 1280w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Troy Mayers in the challenging waters of False Bay; Image supplied</figcaption></figure>



The relay teams that tackle the swim also have to deal with long periods of time sitting on the boat waiting for their turn. It takes mental resilience to stay in the moment and ready to jump back into the icy cold waters. As Dusterwald points out: “We were sitting on a very slow-moving boat in the middle of a very large ocean and were hoping for warmer weather but ended up in beanies and warm coats on a cold, overcast day.”



Her team didn’t think for one second they wouldn’t make it. Their mental commitment to the physically-demanding task kept them focused, and together until the end.



“The presence of marine life, particularly sharks, can be mentally daunting even with safety precautions in place,” adds Bruwer. She also mentions the unpredictable currents that can either help or hinder swimmers, often changing mid-swim. This is further complicated by the sheer distance, the winds, and the variable weather conditions.



“My first 16 kilometers I did in four and a half hours, then it took me six hours and 45 minutes to do the next 16 kilometers because the current was against me,” says Mayers. “This is a wicked swim. I was the first person to get caught in that current and two swimmers after me have since been caught in it – it was unexpected and I had to dig deep to get through it.”



For most swimmers, the highlight is their personal achievement at having completed such a monumental swim, knowing they’ve conquered one of the most challenging bodies of water in Africa.



“This swim represents a shift in my own limitations,” says Bruwer. “After failing due to severe hypothermia, I returned a year later to face the crossing again and I completed it, achieving my own impossible.”



The mental and physical toughness that swimmers develop when tackling False Bay translates into a skillset that can be transferred to any other long-distance endurance swim. Most notably, the English Channel.



<h4 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-the-african-advantage">The African advantage</h4>



According to Frazer, who has shepherded many swimmers across the English Channel, the price tag attached to the swim can be upwards of ZAR250,000 ($13,736). This includes flights, the cost of the boats, booking fees, training and all the other hidden bits in between. Swimming False Bay – an equally inspiring test of skill and endurance – is a lot cheaper.



“It costs between ZAR30,000 to ZAR40,000 ($1,648 to $2,198),” says Mayers. “The price factor is definitely a drawcard and contributing to why False Bay is becoming so popular.”



You still have your jellyfish, currents, variable weather, and cold water, but in False Bay there’s the added benefit of enjoying a swim in an area of outstanding natural beauty.



“When you look across that bay, the view is extraordinary,” says Dusterwald. “It is iconic. I have a picture of me swimming in the water with the mountains in the background and only a few people in the world have that. It is an absolutely amazing swim.”



Dusterwald also says that the support she and her team received throughout the swim was extraordinary. The community was phenomenal in its support of their endeavor throughout their training and in the months after their successful completion.



“The highlight for me were the dolphins at the end,” she says. “A massive [pod] of dolphins swimming all around Teru – I don’t think she realized how amazing it looked. It was absolutely wonderful.”



The False Bay swim may have only had a handful of people tackle its icy waters and unpredictable weather, but this only adds to its allure. The swim is gaining global recognition and is consistently placed alongside other renowned marathon swims, including the Catalina Channel.



“Although South Africa remains less accessible than Europe or North America, more people are traveling specifically for swimming and Cape Town is becoming a destination of choice,” concludes Bruwer. “With a number of iconic swims in the region, False Bay stands as the ultimate challenge and is listed as one of the premier long-distance swims by open water associations and forums.”

Photo by Derrick Frazer at Big Bay Events

The New Channel Swim: The Truth About False Bay In South Africa

What comes first: the chicken or the egg? ARTURO ELIZONDO’S biotech is reinventing protein, reshaping global diet and future-proofing the food industry. read on about the world’s first liquid egg made without hens.



Protein water, protein ice cream, protein pasta, protein cookies and protein cereal.



These are just a few of the interesting products on-shelf for anyone looking to increase their daily protein intake. With analysts forecasting that the global protein ingredients’ market will reach $47.4 billion by 2032, there’s no doubt that this macronutrient is having a moment. We have become protein-obsessed but it’s not all about meat. 



Plant-based options are coming into their own as biotech companies create innovative ingredients that mimic animal meat characteristics while meeting consumer protein needs. A great example is heme, the molecule that gives meat its characteristic color and flavor. Heme is also found in plants and microorganisms so through fermentation or genetic engineering, it can be produced from plant or microbial sources. When heme is added to plant-based meat, it becomes eerily similar to the real thing. It’s an incredibly complex process that’s hard to scale, which is why Arturo Elizondo, the co-founder and CEO of The EVERY Company, started with an egg.



One of the biggest obstacles with bio-based products is the ‘valley of death’. Many innovative products die before they hit the market. “It’s one of the challenges with alternative proteins,” explains Elizondo. “So, our big focus, from the beginning, was choosing a technology that could scale; that had already scaled globally.” This is one of the reasons Elizondo chose fermentation for The EVERY Company – he could plug into existing, large-scale fermentation facilities without spending millions of dollars.



“Brewers use yeast to convert sugar into alcohol; we can use yeast to convert sugar into protein,” he says.



Protein is a megatrend that isn’t going away anytime soon. Elizondo says that even though it’s a big part of diet culture – both the keto and the caveman eating plans focus heavily on protein – there are benefits beyond satiety. “It’s the only macromolecule that hasn’t been demonized,” he says. “There are four macromolecules – protein, fats, carbohydrates and alcohol. Fats, carbs and alcohol are all controversial, but protein has maintained its halo.” There’s also the fact that globally, diets are dominated largely by animal proteins which, when farmed industrially, have a significant impact on the environment. “We have to start evolving the way we product protein because the demand isn’t going away,” he adds. As an alternative to the factory farming model, Elizondo believes we can use technology to produce protein in a healthier and more sustainable way. It’s not only about making products that look and taste similar to something else, he says that technology, in the long run, can create better food (and food systems) designed for humans.



One of the proteins Elizondo’s company is relooking is the egg. Although egg consumption in Africa is beyond the global average, it’s estimated that around 1.6 trillion eggs enter the market every year. “And it’s not suddenly going to stop. We’re not all going to start eating lentils and tofu,” he laughs. What makes The EVERY Company a little different is that it is an ingredients company. They’re not simply producing a consumer facing substitute for eggs (although they do have a few), they’re working with major industry players to integrate EVERY Company’s alternative protein ingredient into existing products and supply chains. 



“The unsexy thing about food is the supply chain. When the Covid pandemic happened and countries shut down their borders, it was a big wake-up call for the companies who import their animal protein,” says Elizondo. Another challenge is avian influenza, also known as bird flu. The poultry industry suffers, the price of eggs goes up and the manufacturers that use eggs are forced to adjust production schedules or reformulate recipes to cope with shortages. 



“How do we build a more resilient food system that can withstand the pressures of pandemics, climate change and zoonotic diseases? It’s a very fragile system,” he says. 



At the same time, many big food companies have ESG targets to cut carbon emissions and keep their supply chains steady. This usually means more consistent sourcing, avoiding rushed shipping and relying less on resource-heavy practices (like industrial egg farming which produces high levels of waste and emissions). “This is why we exist and how we can make impact at scale. We can support the entire industry and not be seen as adversarial. We’re building a better food system,” he says. For Elizondo, this is the future of food. In addition to working with major food producers on the ingredients side, The EVERY Company will be entering the mass market in 2025 with the EVERY Egg, the world’s first liquid egg made without hens. It’s not an elitist product that only expensive grocery stores will carry but rather an item everyone can find, afford and most importantly, eat.



Functionality first



As an industry, plant-based protein companies face a lot of challenges. In France, the words ‘steak’, ‘bacon’, and ‘sausage’ have been outlawed for meat alternatives. In South Africa, the High Court overturned an attempt by the Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development (DALRRD) to impose similar restrictions. The issue took two years to resolve, and certain products were removed in the interim from retail shelves.



“This is why it’s so important to partner with the incumbents and work with them, not against them. There’s this huge gap in ingredients that no one talks about and that’s where our focus lies. It’s not about taste, it’s about functionality,” says Elizondo. “If you look at ingredient labels, it’s almost impossible to avoid eggs, they’re everywhere because they’re functional. They foam, bind and gel in ways that nothing else can.”



Eggs may seem like an impossible ingredient to replace but that’s where the biggest opportunity for The EVERY Company lies. In some ways, Elizondo compares the path he’s following to insulin. In 1922, insulin came from the pancreatic tissue of cows (and later pigs). It was produced at scale by Eli Lily to treat diabetes but still came from animals. But then, in 1978, the first genetically engineered, synthetic ‘human’ insulin was produced using E. coli bacteria. “This company found a way to make insulin through protein fermentation technology and within 15 years, it dominated the market. And now, 99% of insulin in the world is made using the same technology,” says Elizondo. Protein fermentation technology moved to the cheese industry and replaced animal rennet with bio-identical chymosin, an enzyme essential for curdling milk. It’s a technique also used to create vitamins and to extend the freshness of baked goods by synthesizing enzymes that improve texture and shelf life. Protein is more than a megatrend, “it’s the best-kept secret in the food industry,” exclaims Elizondo. “And if we can make these ingredients a little bit better, a little bit safer, a little bit more sustainable, that’s worth fighting for.”

Arturo Elizondo in The EVERY kitchen; Image supplied

The Future Of Food: Hatching A Protein Revolution

A tumbler that reminds you to drink water and an 18k-gold ring that helps make your payments. Whatever’s next?



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Apple Watch Hermès



The Apple Watch Hermès Series 10 comes in the signature Hermès orange box, available at Apple or Hermès. The new model supports sleep apnea and wrist temperature, a 6m-depth gauge, on-device Siri, precision inding for Find My and fast charging. Unique Her- mès touches include a silver titanium finish, logo on the back, two watch straps including a leather Hermès one that can be single or double tour, and exclusive watch faces.



Price: from $1,249.
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Kindle Colorsoft Signature Edition



Amazon has released its first-ever color screen Kindle called the Kindle Colorsot Signature Edition. It promises eight weeks of battery life, improved speed and contrast, supports pinch to zoom and increased display sizes. The seven-inch display is optimized for reading without glare, suited for travel guides, cookbooks, comics, or graphic novels. Highlighting can be done in yellow, orange, pink or blue, plus searching by color. It is waterproof, features USB-C and wireless charging.



Price: $279.99
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ASUS ZenBook S14



The ASUS Zenbook S14 Copilot+ PC is a premium Windows 11 laptop from ASUS that features an all-metal 1.1cm thin body that is 1.2kg light. The new Intel Core Ultra 7 chipset and AI Boost powers its AI features like productivity assistance, text and image creation, faster photo and video edits, and built-in security, while its vapor chamber keeps it cool. It has a 3K display, 72Wh battery, large touchpad and Harman Kardon sound.



Price: $1,299
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Meta Quest 3S



The new Meta Quest 3S virtual reality headset lets you turn any room into a personal theater. You can play standalone VR games, watch live concerts, experience mixed reality by blending the digital and real world, or cast games on to a television. It has multi-tasking support for YouTube, WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, Instagram, etc. It features a Snapdragon XR2 Gen 2 chip, 8GB of RAM, 128GB storage, up to 120Hz refresh rate, and 1832&#215;1920 screen resolution per eye.



Price: from $299.99
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Samsonite Restackd Carry On



Samsonite’s revamped Stackd collection called Restackd features a lighter design and larger packing volume. The 55cm carry-on cabin spinner with easy access has a front pocket for a laptop, tablet and other accessories, suitable for business travel. It includes two packing cubes and plenty of zipped pockets. At 3.1kg, it measures 55x40x23cm with a 3cm depth expansion. It features an integrated ID tag, TSA combination lock and comes in black, green, pink and navy.



Price: ZAR7,299 ($400)
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<div class="wp-block-media-text has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile"><div class="wp-block-media-text__content">
Hyperice Hypersphere Go Hyperice, known for its health-tech products for recovery and movement, has the perfect travel companion called the Hyper- sphere Go. This TSA-approved massage ball is palm-sized and supports three speeds of vibration when you roll it over your muscles. Whether you’re in-flight, post-workout or at your desk, you can target muscles, with precision, such as the arms, legs, back or feet. It is USB-powered, has a two-hour battery and weighs under 500g.



Price: $99
</div><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="973" src="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Hypersphere-Go-1024x973.png" alt="" class="wp-image-64060 size-full" srcset="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Hypersphere-Go-1024x973.png 1024w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Hypersphere-Go-300x285.png 300w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Hypersphere-Go-768x730.png 768w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Hypersphere-Go.png 1404w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure></div>



<div class="wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile"><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="720" height="1024" src="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Dyson-Airwrap-i.d-720x1024.png" alt="" class="wp-image-64057 size-full" srcset="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Dyson-Airwrap-i.d-720x1024.png 720w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Dyson-Airwrap-i.d-211x300.png 211w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Dyson-Airwrap-i.d-768x1093.png 768w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Dyson-Airwrap-i.d-1079x1536.png 1079w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Dyson-Airwrap-i.d.png 1310w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" /></figure><div class="wp-block-media-text__content">
Dyson Airwrap i.d.



The Dyson Airwrap i.d. multi- styler and dryer is Dyson’s first Bluetooth connected hair tool. It pairs to a smartphone app for more personalized styling to automate the curling process using profile data such as hair type, length and skill level. The styler comes in two versions: for straight to wavy hair (T1-2) or for curly to oily hair (T3-4). The new Airwrap introduces three new attachments: the conical barrel, wave+curl diffuser, and blade concentrator.



Price: $599.99
</div></div>



<div class="wp-block-media-text has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile"><div class="wp-block-media-text__content">
Hobot S6-Pro



Hobot has released its irst window cleaning robot, the Hobot S6-Pro. The award-winning robot window cleaner is suited for framed, panoramic or frameless windows for an ei- cient clean-up. It has dual mops to polish and uses ultrasonic sprays for a streak-free clear inish. Safety features include an anti-falling algorithm, a safety rope and 20-minutes of back-up power. The microiber cleaning cloth is washable and the water tank replaceable, making it eco-friendly.



Price: ZAR7,999 ($438)
</div><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="1001" src="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Hobot-S6-Pro-1024x1001.png" alt="" class="wp-image-64059 size-full" srcset="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Hobot-S6-Pro-1024x1001.png 1024w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Hobot-S6-Pro-300x293.png 300w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Hobot-S6-Pro-768x751.png 768w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Hobot-S6-Pro-1536x1502.png 1536w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Hobot-S6-Pro-2048x2002.png 2048w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure></div>



<div class="wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile"><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="711" height="1024" src="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/HidrateSpark-711x1024.png" alt="" class="wp-image-64058 size-full" srcset="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/HidrateSpark-711x1024.png 711w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/HidrateSpark-208x300.png 208w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/HidrateSpark-768x1106.png 768w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/HidrateSpark-1066x1536.png 1066w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/HidrateSpark.png 1276w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 711px) 100vw, 711px" /></figure><div class="wp-block-media-text__content">
HidrateSpark Pro Smart Tumbler 



The HidrateSpark Pro 590ml smart tumbler bottle stands out for its connected features. It syncs with Bluetooth to a paired smartphone and tracks water intake with reminders when to sip through its glowing feature on the base. It is vacuum insulated and keeps drinks cold for 14 hours and hot for four hours. It comes with a removable stainless-steel straw, supports the Find My Bottle feature to track it and integrates with fitness apps.



Price: ZAR1,799 ($98)
</div></div>



<div class="wp-block-media-text has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile"><div class="wp-block-media-text__content">
VezoPay Ring



A South African company is redeining wearable tech through its payment ring that works with Visa and Mastercard on iOS and Android. The ring is available in black, pink, white, silver or gold, which goes up to 18K gold, in either a slim or wide cut and a matte or gloss inish. It requires no charging and is secured through an NFC tokenization that encrypts data. Durability includes impact resistance and it’s water- and dust-proof.



Price: from ZAR2,100 ($115)
</div><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="728" height="642" src="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Vezo-Pay-Ring.png" alt="" class="wp-image-64063 size-full" srcset="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Vezo-Pay-Ring.png 728w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Vezo-Pay-Ring-300x265.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 728px) 100vw, 728px" /></figure></div>

Unwrapped Xmas present revealing tablet

Gifts For Geeks: What’s Next

Donald Trump 2.0.



An unprecedented but not entirely unexpected return to power.



Landmark achievements in every sense – popular vote, Senate and a likely Congress majority to boot.



A transactional president buoyed by America’s richest to deliver on a self-inflicted beleaguered country. Or not. But narratives matter. The electorate believes.



For an avowed ‘make America great again’ supremo, he comes to power in a deeply-polarized country and a striferidden fractured global order gasping for leadership and equity.



Quo Vadis Africa in all this?



Gallup polls regularly show China’s undoubted popularity edge in Africa; for decades.



Enhanced Russian engagements (though as yet a fraction of that of the U.S. and China) militarily and politically cast their own shadow.



The U.S. policy on Africa continues to make teenage love affairs look like mature relationships. It’s admittedly not easy to solve the ‘trilemma’: defend democracy, ensure security and extend geopolitical influence. Aid and textbooks in hand, flip-flops on and cheque books tucked away.



That is however the enduring American visual on the continent today. The outgoing administration could neither change that view, nor do anything meaningful to stamp its intent.



Even in the new gold rush (read critical minerals), Uncle Sam has floundered to tie policy to politics to projects, pronouncements notwithstanding. Enter the new administration of 2025. It’s unlikely Africa will be a sensible policy priority.



During his last administration, Trump had referred to African nations as “shithole countries”. Close allies were hit with travel bans. Eritrea, Nigeria, Somalia, Sudan and Tanzania were among 13 countries on the list when he left office.



“Keep your friends close and your enemies closer,” the Chinese military strategist Sun Tzu has said.



Africa needs to be mindful of this advice.



Tough choices abound for the continent. Its demography, its politics, its economies, all need help from all to make it a collaborative development.



It hardly has the luxury of choice as to ‘with whom’. Yet, the biggest risk remains in being forced to choose.



An ancient African proverb says that “when elephants fight, it’s the grass that suffers”. And boy, have we suffered!



Today, the Bretton Woods Institutions are facing challenges from a resurgent BRICS+.



The European Union is still Africa’s largest trading partner, albeit skewed around primary goods with no real benefaction. China is a close second but also the biggest investor by far.



America’s commercial interests in Africa must deepen. Not sure when though.



Japan, apart from its octopus imports, is a significant t ade and investment partner.



And finally, enter India. Building on its historic links and feeding its emerging power status with more trade, investment and cultural power.



If I was an African leader, I would be salivating at my choices.



Yet, we are stressed.



An American President had once said: “You are either with us or against us.”



The only thing we should work and pray for therefore is that Trump 2.0 does not descend to that.



Any conscious, coherent and collaborative strategy is of course to be looked forward to.



And yes to partnerships.



But no sticks without carrots please.



“If you can’t help, at least don’t hurt them,” the Dalai Lama has said.



I am afraid within the current world order, that’s the best one can aspire for.



Leave us alone to our destiny and let’s remain purely and simply transactional.



Let mutual needs guide our progress in Africa, not geopolitics and rhetoric.



That in a nutshell is as ambitious as one can be. And finally, to re-quote Indian poet Rabindranath Tagore: “Into that heaven of freedom, let the African continent awake.”

Donald Trump Campaigns In Georgia Ahead Of US Presidential Election

Expert-Speak: ‘Let Mutual Needs Guide Our Progress In Africa, Not Geopolitics And Rhetoric’

Untitled design (15)

SOLE SEARCHERS: The Rise Of The Solopreneurs

Our travel writer Ramdas Iyer explores the ancient, Sunbaked Ksours, Kasbahs and Vernacular mud architecture in the region South of Marrakesh.



Ksours form part of the typical desert landscape in most countries of North Africa. Some of them have become famous thanks to the sci-fi or historical films shot there, for example, Matmata in Tunisia was the site for Star Wars, Ait Benhaddou in Morocco for Kingdom of Heaven and Gladiator, and scores of other productions. In southern Morocco, across the area between the Ziz and Drâa rivers, there are around 600 ksours and more than 400 kasbahs, forming what is known as the Route of 1,000 Kasbahs.



Ksour (qasr in Arabic) are fortified villages including houses, grana- ries, cemeteries and a mosque. Kasbahs are fortified palaces belonging to a single family with their own granaries, water sources, and places of worship. The first ksours were built as early as the 11th century and the indigenous inhabitants of ksour regions are of Berber origin, pri- marily residing in Morocco and Algeria.



My interest in vernacular mud architecture has taken me to many parts of the dry Saharan environment.



The High Atlas Mountain chain divides Morocco into two distinct parts. The area of ample rainfall, bountiful agriculture and placid vil- lage life to the north was historically called bled al-makhzan, the land of imperial governance. To the south, a rocky, sandy and sunbaked expanse stretched into the Sahara. This was bled es-siba, known as the land of disorder.



While most typical Moroccan travel itineraries include the imperial cities of Fes, Meknes and Rabat in the north along with the Mediterranean beaches at Agadir, little attention has been paid to the Saharan south. So, I decided to explore this amazing region south of Marrakesh across the snowcapped High Atlas passing through Ouarzazate, home to the World Heritage site, Ait Benhaddou , all the way to Zagora, home to high dunes where an old sign of dubious origin reads, ‘52 days to Timbuktu’, a journey to be undertaken on a camel.



Abdeslam Mesbahi, my well-informed driver and guide, made this trip a historically-oriented one. His ability to speak in English, French, Arabic and Tamazight (Berber language) with equal ease helped in our frequent interactions with the locals.



Set among the ancient caravan routes that traded goods from sub-Saharan Africa to the Mediterranean coast to cities like Marrakech and Essaouira, kasbahs and ksours dot the main route for over a distance of 150 kilometers. Today, most of the mud buildings are in extremely poor condition due to the emigration of people to the cities. 



Yet, many of them have been restored, including the magnificent Ait Benhaddou; Tamadot Kas- bah, owned by British billionaire-entrepreneur Richard Branson; and the recently-renovated Taourirt Kasbah, a 300-room citadel with a maze of narrow passageways, steeped towers and narrow staircases. I was fortunate to stay in a small kasbah across the street from Taourirt and was given a tour of the compound where many Ber- ber families still live in unrestored, ruined apartments.



Mesbahi gave me a detailed account of the evolution of these amazing mud structures. Ksours are typically medieval towns characteristic of Saharan settlements well-integrated into their natural environment. During medieval times, the local population consisted of two main social groups; nomads making a living through trade and pasturage, and the landowners along with their workers who lived in the oases that dotted the countryside.



While both groups were dependent on each other, conflicts report- edly arose when the nomads engaged in uncontrolled pasturage in the oases, which deprived the inhabitants of harvest. It became the main reason for conflict between the settled tribal and nomad groups, and this meant frequent raids on the granaries. 



One of the ways to prevent such attacks was to build fortified granaries. As attacks could occur quite unexpectedly and last for extended periods, the ksours were prepared for the “normal” life of their inhabitants. Apart from granaries, and spaces for living, they all featured a mosque, markets and schools. Ait Benhaddou is perhaps the most spectacular of all ksours. The walls are built with local mudbricks and the roofs made using the trunks and branches of palm trees make them truly eco-friendly.



Like most vernacular architecture in Africa, the need for stable employment, better living conditions and access to education have emp- tied these structures. Without regular upkeep, they collapse after the rains, and it broke my heart to see the entire region filled with ruined structures running for miles along oasis towns.



Tourism has helped restore some of the major buildings, but many classical structures are being relegated to architectural textbooks. The occasional traveler like me yearns for a glimpse into this ancient world. But alas, it is the Maghreb’s last sigh!

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Earthen Appeal: Exploring The Ingenious Mud Buildings Of Morocco

Artificial intelligence (AI) holds transformative potential for Africa, but harnessing it responsibly is crucial. As AI increasingly integrates into various sectors, standards for robust governance frameworks are essential to ensure its ethical and beneficial use for all Africans. The United Nations University (UNU), recognizing both the potential and the perils of AI, is actively contributing to shaping a future where AI serves as a force for good across the continent.



While AI has the potential to revolutionize sectors such as agriculture, healthcare, and education, Africa’s unique challenges— ranging from digital divides to diverse cultural landscapes — demand tailored governance. Developing Africa-centric AI standards rooted in universal principles adapted to local contexts is imperative to address these challenges. This approach aligns with the South African Bureau of



Standards (SABS), which emphasizes the importance of context-specific standards that address regional needs while maintaining global relevance.



Several core principles should guide the development of standards for the ethical AI ecosystem. First, AI systems must be designed with human rights and dignity as their foundation. This principle is reflected in the work of entities such as the



Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), which has developed global standards for AI ethics that emphasize fairness, accountability, and transparency. Additionally, AI systems should respect Africa’s rich cultural and linguistic diversity, ensuring inclusivity and accessibility for all.



Second, explainable AI is crucial for building trust, particularly in sectors where AI decisions have far-reaching consequences.



Africa should emphasize transparency aligned with global standards such as those developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which advocates for clear documentation and accessible information about AI systems and their decision- making processes. Furthermore, lessons from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) highlight the importance of developing explainable AI models that non-experts can understand, ensuring transparency at all levels of society.



Third, establishing clear responsibility for AI outcomes is essential. The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) plays a significant role in this, providing guidelines that stress the importance of accountability in AI governance. UNU’s work on AI governance frameworks underscores the necessity for clear lines of accountability and mechanisms to address any adverse consequences of AI deployment.



The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) also offers valuable insights into safety standards and risk management, ensuring that AI systems operate reliably and are held accountable for their outcomes.



Fourth, AI’s benefits must be shared widely, bridging digital divides and preventing technology from exacerbating existing inequalities. This principle is closely aligned with the objectives of standards bodies such as SABS, which advocate for equitable access to AI technologies. The European Union’s AI Act ensures that AI deployment is inclusive, promoting social justice and protecting vulnerable populations.



Fifth, African nations must collaborate to harmonize regulations and share best practices, maximizing AI’s positive impact. UNU’s initiatives in fostering regional cooperation on AI are crucial in promoting such collaboration, ensuring that the benefits of AI are widely shared and that shared values and goals shape the continent’s AI landscape. Drawing lessons from the European Union’s collaborative approach to AI governance, Africa can benefit from a unified strategy that leverages regional strengths while ensuring alignment with global best practices.



Africa’s AI governance must be guided by robust frameworks that consider continental and global perspectives. The African Digital Compact (ADC) and the Continental Artificial Intelligence Strategy (CAIS), recently adopted by the African Union, are pivotal. These initiatives aim to create a cohesive and inclusive digital environment across Africa, ensuring that AI development and deployment align with the continent’s unique needs and aspirations. These frameworks help harmonize AI policies across African nations by setting clear standards and guidelines, fostering regional



cooperation and innovation. The ADC and the CAIS must be aligned with the Global Digital Compact (GDC) and High-Level Advisory Body on AI. The GDC emphasizes the importance of a human-centered approach to digital transformation, advocating for policies prioritizing equity, inclusivity, and sustainability.



The UN High-Level Advisory Body on AI provides strategic guidance on AI-related challenges and opportunities, ensuring that global AI standards are informed by diverse perspectives, including those from Africa. These frameworks collectively support the development of AI governance standards aligned with Africa’s specific context and resonating with global principles. By integrating insights from initiatives like the ADC and the GDC, African nations can ensure their AI policies are locally relevant and globally connected.



In conclusion, Africa stands on the cusp of an AI revolution. By prioritizing robust and ethical governance and leveraging the expertise of institutions like the UNU, the continent can harness this technology to drive sustainable development, reduce inequality, and create a brighter future for all. As AI continues to evolve, ongoing research, collaboration, and adherence to standards will be essential to ensure that this powerful tool truly benefits all African

AI (Artificial Intelligence) concept. Electronic circuit. Communication network.

Expert-Speak: Standards For AI Governance Are Necessary For Africa’s Flourishing Future

Akinwumi Adesina, the President of the African Development Bank (AfDB), has been crowned the All Africa Business Leaders Awards’ (AABLA) first-ever ‘African of the Decade’ as he concludes a 10-year tenure marked by several laudable initiatives to improve lives across Africa.



The award recognized Adesina’s efforts to develop the continent and galvanize capital through his High 5 strategic initiatives: Light Up and Power Africa, Feed Africa, Industrialize Africa, Integrate Africa and Improve the lives of the People of Africa. His ambitious collaboration with the World Bank was to provide electricity to 300 million Africans. His term comes to an end next year.



Adesina thanked ABN Group Chairman Rakesh Wahi and his management for the accolade, one of a string that have come since his assumption of the only African financial institution rated AAA by all the three major rating agencies: Moody&#8217;s, S&amp;P and Fitch.



&#8220;God did not make a mistake when he made me an African. I will leave as an African and I will do all I can, to my final breath, for Africa. When I die and it’s time for resurrection, I will ask God for permission to come out with an African flag,’’ Adesina said, accepting the award today while at the Africa Investment Forum in Rabat, Morocco.



“But awards are not just recognition nor are they just for you. They are a recognition for an army of believers who join you to do what you are doing. It allows you to be inspired, to be motivated, to be more dedicated, to be more relentless with the vision that one has. Thank you to the ABN Group.’’



The AABLA, in partnership with CNBC Africa, were established by the ABN Group in 2012 to honor national, industry and business leaders who play pivotal roles in nurturing future generations, and contributing to the development of their organizations, countries and the continent.

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AfDB’s Adesina Crowned African Of The Decade By The All Africa Business Leaders Awards

Zimbabwean striker Peter Ndlovu opened the door for a multitude of talent from the continent to follow in his footsteps and compete in what is regarded as the world’s best club arena.



Peter Ndlovu holds two pieces of English Premier League history no one can take away from him, even if his achievements are now more than three decades old. 



The Zimbabwean striker, widely regarded as the best footballer his country ever produced, was the first African to play in the newly re- branded English League in August 1992, and a couple of weeks later became the first African to score in the Premier League, effectively opening the door for a multitude of talent from the con- tinent to follow in his footsteps and compete in what is regarded as the world’s best club arena.



These days clubs across England are filled with top African talent as the Premier League has become the most sought-after destination for the world’s top footballers.



The jaw-dropping salaries are the major attraction but also the level of competition and the uniquely fiery atmosphere created at the iconic stadiums across the country.



But when Ndlovu was featuring for Coventry City in England’s top flight in 1992, there were not many Africans around.



He was still a teenager when he moved from Bulawayo, having joined Coventry from his hometown club Highland- ers the year before, and when he came on for John Williams in Coventry’s Premier League away victory at Tottenham Hotspur on August 19, 1992, broke new ground for African footballers.



“I’m sure I was told then, ‘do you know that you’re the first African to play in the Premier League?’ I probably just said ‘ok’ and didn’t give it any more thought,” Ndlovu tells FORBES AFRICA.



He then went one better and became the first African to score in the rebranded English top flight, netting for Coventry in a 2-1 win at Sheffield Wednesday on Septem- ber 2, 1992.



In all, Ndlovu scored 34 Premier League goals – which all came for Coventry – and remains the highest-scoring Zimbabwean in English football but he has long since been surpassed in the all-time list of African marksmen.



Liverpool’s Mohamed Salah leads the way on 159 goals and is still scoring. The Egyptian superstar is sure since to have added more to the impressive tally.



Then there are the likes of Senegal’s Sadio Mane, now playing in Saudi Arabia, on 111 and the Ivorian superstar Didier Drogba with 104 league goals for Chelsea.



Ndlovu is only too pleased those who have come after him have succeeded in raising the bar &#8230; and the profile for players from the continent.



“I’m just so proud of all of them that they have made the Premier League better and we can see that many of the big money players [bought] now are Africans.”


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="978" src="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/GettyImages-829253240.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-63852" style="width:628px;height:auto" srcset="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/GettyImages-829253240.jpg 1024w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/GettyImages-829253240-300x287.jpg 300w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/GettyImages-829253240-768x734.jpg 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">(Photo by Phil Noble &#8211; PA Images/PA Images via Getty Images)</figcaption></figure></div>


Since Ndlovu made his debut, more than 300 Africans have followed in his footsteps and competed for Premier League clubs, who are watched by hundreds of millions on television around the globe on a weekly basis.



“What I like about all those that have come after me, you can say they’ve even added value and represented the continent very well,” he says.



“You can see how much the standards have gone up compared to the time when I started. It’s a very good league and we support it all the time.



“Also, with the large number of players playing in the Pre- mier League, as well as all over the other leagues, it shows that Africa is the provider of some of the best players in the world.”



Ndlovu’s 12 years of competing in English football makes him among the more consistent imports. He stayed at Coventry until a £1.6-million move to Birmingham City in 1997 and also played at Huddersfield Town and Sheffield United, while representing Zimbabwe’s national team for 16 years.



“Well, when I went there first it was just like, ‘I’m going to play football’. Then I realized how much it had changed my life, changed my perception about the football, changed the way that I would act.



“It made me a better person, it made me understand what success was all about, what football is all about. And when I started concentrating, I became a better person, not only a better footballer, but a better person in life.”



Ndlovu returned to Africa in 2004, joining Mamelodi Sundowns and then once he hung up his boots, took up a post in the club’s administration.



He was a popular team manager for the ‘Brazilians’ as they won the African Champions League in 2016 and began an unbeaten run of success in South Africa’s own Premiership where they have now won seven successive league titles. Now 51, Ndlovu has reflected with pride on his ground-breaking achievements… and a special place in the record books

Soccer – Worthington Cup – Semi Final – First Leg – Sheffield United v Liverpool

The Zimbabwean Game-Changer In English Football

If the thought of robots short-circuiting your career is keeping you awake at night, you might be experiencing FOBO – the fear of becoming obsolete.



This rising form of anxiety is leading many workers to worry about being left gathering dust as their high-tech counterparts advance.



With AI and robotics evolving at lightning speed and taking over roles once occupied by humans, job sec rity is increasingly uncertain.



This fear is not confined to blue-collar jobs – it spans sectors including finance, law, healthcare and education.



In manufacturing, robots are already revolutionizing the industry by efficiently and safely handling repetitive tasks like assembly and packaging.



In a similar situation, customer service representatives are witnessing the rise of AI chatbots and virtual assistants that manage inquiries, resolve issues and provide support without human intervention, potentially reducing demand for traditional customer service roles.



Retail workers are also feeling FOBO, as automated checkout systems and self-service kiosks become more common, handling transactions and managing inventory independently, which could lead to fewer jobs for cashiers and other retail workers.



In the legal field, AI tools are increasingly taking over tasks such as legal research and document reviews that were traditionally carried out by paralegals and junior lawyers.



Financial advisers are concerned as algorithms capable of analyzing market data, managing investments and providing tailored advice become more prevalent.



Robo-advisers could reduce the demand for human planners, making some feel their financial advice could soon be unplugged.



In education, AI-driven platforms are delivering personalized learning experiences that might impact traditional teaching roles, leaving educators worried about being powered down.



The healthcare sector faces potential competition from advanced robotic systems that perform complex surgeries with high precision and fewer complications.



Graphic design and language translation are not immune either as AI tools create basic designs and manage straightforward text translations, potentially impacting entry level roles and leaving some feeling their creativity is being replaced by code.



Overall, it is hard to picture an industry or role escaping the robotic revolution.



The roots of FOBO lie in the rapid pace of technological advancement.



Historically, workers had time to adapt to new technology and gradually learn new skills.



Today, the tech revolution is advancing so quickly that most workers struggle to keep up. It leaves many feeling stuck in neutral while technology zooms ahead, leading them to worry about being left behind in a cloud of robotic dust.



Automation and AI promise increased efficiency and cost savings but also pose significant threats to traditional employment structures.



While millions of traditional jobs are likely to be displaced, millions of new ones are expected to be created as the job market adapts to new technologies.



Although this shift presents opportunities, it is not guaranteed that everyone will transition smoothly-especially in industries where automation takes the lead.



FOBO can also impact one’s sense of self- worth as many people view their careers as



central to their identity.



The idea a machine might perform their job better and without breaks can significantly undermine confidence, leading to chronic stress, anxiety and – in severe cases – mental health issues like depression.



Yet the worry of becoming obsolete does not have to short-circuit motivations to advance in the workplace.



Instead of viewing automation as a threat, consider it an opportunity to reboot your career.



Staying relevant in an automated world requires continuous learning and a robotic commitment to skills development.



Workers should be encouraged to upgrade their abilities, focusing on technical skills like coding and data analysis as well as soft skills such as creativity, emotional intelligence and critical thinking – areas where humans still hold a distinct advantage over machines.



By remaining curious, resilient and ready to reboot the learning process, careers can stay charged and fulfilling.



Embracing this robotic revolution with a proactive mindset will help ensure workers remain not only relevant but indispensable in an ever-evolving job market.



Ultimately, the future of work is not about humans versus machines but about humans and machines working together to create a more efficient, innovative and exciting world. Overcoming FOBO will allow us to move into a future where both humans and robots can work seamlessly in sync – without glitches, short-circuits, or downtime.

A young boy dressed as a businessman wears a paper bag with a happy face on it.

Expert-Speak: Why FOBO Will Force A Massive Career Reboot

With sensors, smart devices, intelligent equipment and data-driven analytics, next generation technologies and virtual training programs are bringing personalized fitness into the lounge, offering elite athletes and home users the same access to exceptional quality training, regardless of location.



Intelligent clothing and accessories, smart dumbbells, interactive interfaces, artificial intelligence (AI) customized training programs and smart sensors are changing the shape of the sports market – and that of their users.



According to Data Bridge Market Research, the Middle East and Africa fitness equipment market is expected to reach $514.87 million by 2031 at a compound annual growth rate (cagr) of 4.60% with South Africa expected to take the lead with innovations around fit- ness equipment that uses next-generation technologies. Joining South Africa in leveraging AI to enhance fitness training and wellbeing, Nigeria, Ghana and Kenya are also paying attention to the value of AI with interest- ing innovations in virtual trainers, online training plat- forms, and real-time physical monitoring tools.



AI has the potential to fix the problems that people create when they are left to do workouts on their own. It can also be used to enhance the training programs used by coaches to train elite athletes thanks to in- depth data and real-time analytics.



“There are two elements that are important to a coach – measuring and monitoring – as these allow you to prescribe the ideal overload and get the timing of the overload,” explains Ian Martin, Endurance Sports Coach at Coach One. “Technology has played a huge role taking this to another level. Instead of spreadsheets and the limited intelligence of the initial heartrate monitors, i can now fine-tune training cycles.”



Metrics such as sleep, nutrition and recovery can benefit from AI which provides coaches with an exten- sive source of data that can even include environmen- tal factors that play a significant role when preparing an athlete. “The technology is providing athletes and coaches with access to exceptional data that allows them to keep their finger on the pulse – pun intended,” says Martin. “Technology has allowed us to deliver the right information in the right format to anyone, regardless of their level of education or accessibility.”



It is also not exclusively the domain of the elite ath- lete. Anyone can benefit from AI-powered accessories and virtual solutions. iGym in Kenya, for example, uses AI to customize workouts and provide nutrition plans for users, the data built on the expertise provided by trained fitness consultants. It enhances this with ac- cess to guides, articles, videos and calculators designed to make fitness easy and accessible. As Joseph Muongi Kamau, Founder of iGym, explains: “We use AI to cre- ate custom workout plans, training content and provide real-time fitness advice. We opted into using AI as it al- lows us to serve more individuals at scale and generate more accurate workouts and wellness plans that meet their needs. We have seen a significant improvement in fitness results, retention and motivation among clients who use the platform.”



This increased engagement is exactly what was found in a recent paper in Ghana. The researchers established that the use of emerging technologies could be used to improve the health and fitness of sedentary groups. The study focused on Ghanian students and it found that the more aware students were of the technologies and how they could be used to improve their physical wellbeing, the more likely they were to use them.



And AI has the potential to reduce injury and im- prove the quality of workouts. Another paper by Mi- chael Deyzel, Computer Vision Engineer at Stellen- bosch-based startup Hawktivity, in collaboration with Dr Rensu Theart, Senior Lecturer at Stellenbosch Uni- versity in South Africa, wanted to find how AI could be used to enhance workouts, virtual coaching and fitness. “Our project started in collaboration with the Sports Science department to find a way if people did their strength and conditioning exercises correctly,” explains Theart. “Athletes would be given instructions but then lose the correct posture over time which could cause injury and it wasn’t feasible for everyone to have a personal trainer. So, we asked what if there was a system that could automatically tell someone if their posture was correct?”



It turns out that yes, AI can be used to develop a system capable of learning how someone moves and provide intelligent feedback and coaching. “The big disadvantage of AI is that it needs a lot of training data and for fitness, a lot of the datasets needed to train the AI don’t exist yet. The idea of this paper was to find out if AI could learn how to do an exercise perfectly with only one example of that exercise,” says Deyzel. Turns out – this is entirely possible and it is also, believes Dey- zel, something that can democratize sports training in Africa. Just not quite yet.



“The system could potentially be used by anyone indefinitely as a way of supporting elite athlete train- ing – it can provide metrics, insights and guidance when there is limited access to a personal trainer,” says Deyzel. “It does democratize access just a bit, but there needs to be funding behind it because these sys- tems cost money to train, run and set up.”



These systems are also evolving at a radical rate on the global stage. Many of the technologies aren’t avail- able on the continent and, if they are, they’re selling at an exorbitant price. The MAGIC mirror uses AI to provide users with live feedback and real-time pos- ture corrections while they workout at home. Boxing, strength training, dancing and soccer training are some of the workouts included in the futuristic, touch-screen mirror that retails for £400 ($531). Then, there’s the ex- plosion of solutions using sensors, AI and the Internet of Things (IoT) to enhance sporting performance in clothing. According to GlobalData’s Technology Fore- sights, more than 76,000 patents have been filed in the past three years. These are aimed at detecting metrics such as environment, speed, acceleration, impact, force and more and the data they generate? This has multiple applications across performance, design, and function- ality.



“AI allows us to coach based on the individual and to personalize the experience for people,” concludes Karen Loader, master franchisor for F45 Training. The company uses a fitness programming algorithm that leverages a content database of several thousand unique training movements to offer new workouts ev- ery day that are accessible globally. “We can provide the same workouts to people anywhere – be they in Cape Town or Nairobi – and use real data to transform their performance or their recovery.”



Is AI going to change the shape of sports? Yes.



Intelligent clothing and accessories may be out of pocket for most people on the continent right now but virtual training programs and platforms are eas- ily available and perfectly attuned to what the African market needs and wants.



This combination of AI and digital brings person- alized fitness into the lounge, offering elite athletes and home users the same access to exceptional quality training, regardless of their location. It is perhaps the era of athletic democratization as local gets the same training flavor as global.

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The Changing Shape Of Sport: How AI Is Playing Fitness Instructor

Speech by Dr Akinwumi A Adesina, President and Chairman of the Board, African Development Bank Group, at the COP29 High-Level Event, on Measuring the Green Wealth of Nations: Natural Capital and Economic Productivity in Africa, on November 13, 2024.



Africa has some of the largest sources of natural capital in the world, including over 40% of the world’s clean energy potential; 65% of the world’s uncultivated arable land; 25% of global biodiversity; and 20% of the world’s tropical rainforest area.



The Congo Basin is the second-largest carbon lung in the world after the Amazon forest. It stretches 314 million hectares with 1.2 million kilometers of primary forest.



The peatlands of the Congo Basin store 29 billion tons of carbon. That is equivalent to three years’ worth of global greenhouse gas emissions. The Congo Basin also absorbs about 1.5 billion tons of carbon dioxide per year.



Africa’s forests account for 26% of all carbon sequestration in forests worldwide.



The continent also holds considerable non-renewable natural resources, accounting for 50% of the world’s reserves of cobalt (used for batteries), 40% of manganese reserves (used in solar and wind farms) and more than 80% of platinum reserves, complemented by rich endowments of nickel, copper, and rare earth minerals. These are crucial for global green energy transition with electric vehicles and battery energy storages systems, whose estimated value is expected to rise from $7.5 trillion to $59 trillion.



Africa is also endowed with abundant renewable energy: an almost unlimited potential of solar capacity (10TW), hydro (350GW), wind (110GW), and geothermal energy sources (15GW), all of which are the backbone of a less carbon-intensive and more sustainable energy system.



Therefore, while Africa contributes significantly to global public good for tackling climate change with its vast resources of natural capital, its vast natural capital has been undervalued. This vast natural capital is not taken into consideration in valuing the GDP of African countries. For example, while the GDP of Africa was estimated at $2.5 trillion in 2018, this was 2.5 times lower than the estimated value of its natural capital, evaluated at $6.2 trillion, which partly includes some valuation of the ecosystem services.



This situation makes Africa to be “green endowed” but “cash poor”.



When Africa’s vast forest and environmental services, and natural capital, are properly valued, the size of its rebased GDP taking this into account will be much higher.



The African Development Bank’s preliminary estimates, based on very conservative assumptions, show that Africa’s nominal GDP in 2022 could have increased by $66.1 billion when adjusted for carbon sequestration only.



That is more than the combined GDP of 42 African countries!



The proper valuation of Africa’s green GDP is where the trillions of dollars for the continent, based on proper valuation, will come from, to boost the wealth and financing of the continent.



The greening of the GDP will also have other benefits, including the development of carbon markets in Africa.



Unfortunately, today, several African countries are giving away their vast amounts of land to carbon credits. While this may generate some short-term financing, it needs to be understood that Africa is a carbon price taker and therefore is short-changed. While the price of carbon in Europe is high and could be as high as $200 per ton because of the strict EU Emission Trading Standards, carbon price in Africa could be as low as $3 to $10 per ton.



The widespread sales of vast areas of Africa’s lands rich in carbon, what I call “carbon grab”, has five consequences, which we must understand.



First, the countries are being underpaid for the carbon, due to the undervaluation of Africa’s carbon sinks.



Second, the sequestered carbon on the lands can no longer be used as part of the nation’s nationally determined contributions.



Third, the countries lose sovereignty over their lands.



Fourth, the carbon sequestered over these lands and forests cannot be used to rebase and revalue the green GDP of the countries.



Fifth, the ongoing carbon grab in Africa is a lose-lose proposition.



The proper valuation of Africa’s green wealth will increase access to financial flows, in part because credit ratings agencies will be able to incorporate the true value of overall asset class, which in turn could improve countries’ risk profile.



Therefore, it is time for Africa’s green environmental assets to be properly priced to allow the continent to turn its massive green assets into wealth, through their inclusion in “green&#8221; GDP for Africa. This will raise massive financial resources for the continent, spur greater green investments and provide better policies for the greening of African economies for sustainable development. The significantly higher revenues that Africa will generate from the proper valuation of its carbon sinks and environmental services will also allow it to be able to service its debts, assuring debt sustainability.



It is time for Africa’s green wealth to be properly measured.



It is time to take Africa’s natural capital into consideration in its GDP.



It is time for Africa to be green rich and cash rich.



I am delighted to inform you that the African Development Bank has produced a report on Measuring the Green Wealth of Nations: Natural Capital and Economic Productivity in Africa. This report sets out key actions to value and integrate natural capital in the measure of Africa’s GDP.



This is a defining moment for Africa.



We need you to succeed.



African Development Bank will work with you to seize this moment.

1st Africa Climate Summit in Kenya

Measuring the Green Wealth of Nations: Natural Capital and Economic Productivity in Africa

WHAT IS IT ABOUT SOUTH AFRICAN BRANDIES that make them so special, yet, why are they underappreciated by the broader population in the country? We speak to the connoisseurs, who raise their glasses for elevating their favorite tipple. 



South Africa, with one of the oldest wine routes outside of France is, unsurprisingly, a producer of top-class wines. And beyond wine, brandy, in particular, is another top-class spirit produced here, a fact most locals are unaware of. Often dismissed as part of brandewyn en coke (brandy and Coke drink combination) culture, South African brandy is actually of such high quality, it regularly cleans up at international awards shows.



When looking at what sets South African brandies apart, there are a few components at play. Firstly, it’s worth noting there are three primary categories of brandy: Pot still or Cape, Vintage and Blended brandy. Pot still/Cape and blended brandies make up the majority of the category. Pot still/Cape brandy is made exclusively from copper pot still distillation and aged for at least three years. This represents the traditional and artisanal style of brandy production, while blended brandy is a mix of at least 30% pot still, and unmatured spirits, designed to be more affordable and versatile, and used for mixers and cocktails.



Secondly, the grapes used to make the base wines for distillation start by being exceptional. Chenin blanc and Colombard are the most common grapes used for brandy production and with South Africa’s prolific wine industry, it’s no surprise that these grapes become excellent wines. South African brandies are also characterized by rigorous production standards, which include the minimum aging period. The country’s regulations require that brandy must be aged for at least three years, surpassing the minimum aging period for cognac, which is two and a half years.



“In practice, many South African brandies are aged far beyond this requirement, developing a depth of flavor that is unmatched,” says John Loomes, CEO of KWV, one of South Africa’s leading wine and spirits producers. “The warmer climate in South Africa allows grapes used in brandy production to reach full ripeness with higher sugar levels, resulting in brandies that exhibit rich, sun- dried fruit notes both on the nose and palate. This warmer climate also accelerates the aging process, enhancing the aromatic intensity and concentration of the brandies.” He continues by saying that this often results in 20-year-old South African brandies developing characteristics that would typically take 35 years in Europe. “This leads to a rich and complex flavor profile that is highly regarded by international connoisseurs,” says Loomes.



With distilleries such as KWV drawing on techniques as far back as 1926, the local brandy industry has long been held to such a high standard. “The quality was high from the beginning and was originally formulated to be enjoyed with a mixer,” says Johan Venter, a renowned master distiller. “Our production methods were prescribed and were different to the rest of the world. We use a pot still, while the rest of the world mainly uses column stills. We use small barrels (smaller than 340 liters) and the minimum age is three years, whereas the rest of the world uses large barrels with little maturation time, roughly six months.” 



Ultimately, the regulations around brandy are what uphold its quality and importance in local spirit production. “The industry adheres to regulations that dictate production methods, aging, and classification,” says Shane Mumba, brand ambassador for the South African Brandy Foundation and member of The Black Cellar Club, or BLACC, a nonprofit focused on education in wines and spirits in the hospitality sector. “We have strict legislation for brandy production. The South African Brandy Foundation established by the industry in 1984 protects the heritage and integrity of South African brandy.”



The nod to heritage here is important in understanding the complexity of brandy, as well as its reception and popularity. It’s believed that the first-recorded brandy distillation took place in 1672, aboard a Dutch ship anchored in Table Bay. “The cook managed to distil 1,000 liters of Cape wine into about 130 liters of brandy and the South African brandy story started,” says Mumba. “The Dutch, and later the French Huguenots, brought with them a wealth of knowledge in viticulture and distillation, laying the foundation for South African brandy.” It would be centuries later until brandy began to develop some traction, but this legacy has culminated in a globally-recognized product. As recently as May, at the 2024 International Spirits Challenge, KWV was one of three local producers to win gold.



Leah van Deventer is an award-winning spirits and drinks writer, judge and consultant and says that these awards underpin the quality of local brandy, but highlights why that doesn’t necessarily translate to popularity at home. “South African brandy is a world leader in the category, and it has double gold medals and best-in-class awards from multiple blind-tasting competitions to prove it,” says Van Deventer. “That said, you can have a brilliant product, and it may still not be to someone’s personal taste, in terms of both their consumer bias and their preferred flavor profile.” Simply put, brandy – even one that systematically wins global accolades – is not everyone’s cup of tea and there’s data to back this up.



KWV’s Loomes says that only an estimated 4% of the African population currently consumes brandy or cognac. He attributes this to brandy’s public perception and how it’s viewed in comparison to other spirits. “Locally, South African brandy often competes with the long-established prestige of cognac, which has become synonymous with luxury in the minds of many consumers, mainly due to its imported status. Despite the world-class quality of our brandies, this perception can sometimes overshadow local appreciation of just how good they are.”



Venter agrees, adding that in the early 1990s, when imported whiskey became too expensive, local whiskey was introduced as a substitute, further taking the spotlight off brandy. “South African whiskey is a fantastic product and at the time it was considered much classier to drink whiskey than brandy,” Venter adds. “But the misuse of brandy in South Africa gave it a very bad reputation.”



This lesser view of brandy, coupled with the rise of interest in cognac, also comes back to the history of the spirit. “Within its home country, brandy is still often seen as a White man’s tipple, with the historical stigma that goes with that,” says Van Deventer. She adds that it is beginning to gain traction within the Black community, thanks to the work of associations like BLACC, but there’s still a lot of work to be done.



Mumba echoes this, saying education is a key driver. “Brandy production is a complex and intricate process. Very few people know how much time and care goes into producing brandy.” He continues by saying that most South Africans simply aren’t aware of their award-winning brandies. “The more South Africans know about the incredible brandies we have and the time it takes to make this golden liquid, the more interested they will be.” Loomes adds that to invigorate interest, there must be continued emphasis on the local brandy’s exceptional quality. 



“And in the case of our pot stills, these are not only on par with but often surpasses cognac in taste and quality.” This is particularly key in emerging markets where the rising costs of cognac present a clear opportunity for local brandies. Mumba also highlights how the reframing of brandy can help with its reception. “The versatility of blended brandy makes it a wonderful choice for mixers and cocktails, but it also calls for greater creativity within the category,” he says. “This presents a great opportunity for entrepreneurs to create ready-to- drink aperitifs to attract a younger and new consumer.”

Young female bartender professionally pours rum or brandy from steel jigger into glass at bar.

What Sets South African Brandy Apart – And Rebranding To Attract New Customers

The boundless journey of the international African American museum and deep curation of a shared history. 



In January 1861, the estate of a deceased landowner called William McKenna was auctioned at the local courthouse in Lancaster County, South Carolina. According to the auction poster, McKenna’s property included 182 ‘Negro Slaves’: toddlers as young as three; a shoemaker aged ‘about 50 years’; a woman named Charlotte and her six children, available for $800 each.



This faded document, ambered in a kind of matter-of-fact horror, belongs to the Internation- al African American Museum (IAAM), opened in 2023 in Charleston at Gadsden’s Wharf, the first destination for 40% of the enslaved Afri- cans who landed in the United States (U.S.). It’s an architectural choice that recognizes both an unflinching apprehension of the site’s tragic his- tory, and its potential as a place of healing for vis- itors whose descendants began their American journey in an exhausted step from the slave ship to the jetty.



Malika N. Pryor is the IAAM’s Chief Learning and Engagement Officer, providing strategic direction for its programs: the cultural history of West and West Central Africa; the “nuanced historical connections throughout the Black Atlantic World”; the memories of the enslaved Africans who worked in South Carolina’s lucrative rice industry; and the Center for Family History, which assists African Americans interested in researching their own ancestry. 



“Our first goal for the Center is to break down the ‘wall of 1870’ – 1870 being the year newly-minted African Americans are included en masse in the U.S. Census,” she says. “Many African Americans find it difficult to trace their ancestry beyond this point. Disembar- kation is an equally critical goal: our researchers have traced African-descended ancestors to the 1600s. And the grand thoroughfares of the more recent past – the civil rights movement, Black Power, or the Great Migration – are the natural aggregation of a million respective decisions. When people know the role their family played in these moments, they can place themselves on the map of humanity.” To that end, the museum has been developing relationships with West African countries as part of a deep curation of a shared history.



“Whether in Sierra Leone, where we are working to secure relics connected to the trans-Atlantic slave trade; Ghana, where we foster knowledge exchange in cultural studies; or by hosting dignitaries from Togo: we are working intently to engage with the African continent,” says Pryor. “While we are not a philosophically pan-African institution, it’s difficult to imagine a museum that frames the African American journey within the context of the larger diaspora without the advocacy of a unified African identity. In many respects, it is the legacy of pan-Africanism that gives way to this idea of an African cultural continuum across the oceans.”



African visitors to the museum have also felt empowered by its affirmation of their own cultural integrity. “They’ve told us IAAM is the first museum where they see themselves: where their stories are prominent and clearly related to Black people in the Americas. That was such important feedback.”



In an era where so many in power push back against the idea of restitution, could the museum have a role to play in an intellectual recalibration of the U.S.’ understanding of African American culture? “South Carolina, for much of its history, was a numerical Black ma- jority,” Pryor says. 



“Enslaved Africans developed the rice economy, constructed much of the architecture that dots the Carolina coast, fought to preserve our democracy, seeded the origins of jazz. The contributions of African Americans are clear, but they are not always evident. Our mission is to honor the untold stories of this journey. If we do that well, the museum’s potential to inspire visitors to become the story-keepers of these incredible narratives is boundless.”

Author: Forbes Africa

FORBES AFRICA SOCIAL MEDIA